Beli Peddinghaus Perfekt 32 Ka Oder 32 Pa bekas (19.731)

Kondisi: baru, Pressure: 320 Bending length: 3020 mm Frame width: 2555 mm Installation height: 650 mm Stroke length (max.): 400 mm Throat depth: 450 mm Dimensions (LxWxH): 3785 x 2290 x 3100 mm Weight approx.: 14,450 kg 4 axes (Y1, Y2, X, R): Yes, all axes controlled via CNC crowning control Delem DA 66 T (2D graphic control) CNC crowning via control: Yes, via CNC crowning control Delem DA 66 T (2D graphic control) Motor power: 30 Standard equipment: KK Kletzer Europa We have put together a high-quality model for Europe. The CNC press brake KK-Industries, Made in Turkey. Model KKI EUROPA XL The powerful EUROPA XL press brake stands out for its high precision, accuracy, and versatile application options. The Europa XL offers a very large installation height, resulting in a large stroke (cylinder travel). The throat depth is also above average, minimizing restrictions as much as possible. We focus on quality, a standard that is also reflected in the control system. Hsdpofy Sb Eofx Aqvofl As standard, we provide the high-end Delem DA 66 T (2D graphic control). Additionally, the KKI Europa XL press brake is equipped with CNC-controlled Y1, Y2, X, and R axes. Of course, the CNC crowning control DELEM DA 66 T (2D graphic control) is also included. When it comes to upper tools and dies, we make no compromises and equip The KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake with quality tools from EUROSTAMP Italy. Naturally, every machine is only as good as the service. This is why we place great emphasis On highly qualified employees with extensive experience in the CNC sheet metal processing sector. CNC axes: Y1, Y2, X, and R Controller: DELEM DA 66 T (2D graphic control) Back gauge with double linear guide and ball screw Motorized crowning device with CNC control Heavy-duty height adjustment with handwheel on linear guide 3 back gauge fingers Installation height: 650 mm Throat depth: 450 mm Stroke: 400 mm Laser safety device on the upper beam CE safety equipment Various options available Other controllers available: ESA 640 2D 15'' touchscreen controller ¤ 4,520.-- ESA 675 W 3D 21'' touchscreen controller (Windows base) ¤ 6,485.-- DELEM 66 T 2D 17'' touchscreen controller (Windows base) ¤ 10,165.-- incl. DELEM 69 T 3D 17'' touchscreen controller (Windows base) ¤ 16,350.-- KK-Industries GmbH There is something for everyone!

Kondisi: baru, Press force: 320 Hsdpfxjd Ehh Te Aqvefl Bending length: 6050 mm Distance between uprights: 5100 mm Installation height: 650 mm Maximum stroke: 350 mm Throat depth: 450 mm Approx. weight: 23,100 kg 4 axes (Y1, Y2, X, R): Yes, all axes controlled via Esa S630 (2D graphic control) CNC crowning via control: Yes, via Esa S630 (2D graphic control) Motor power: 30 kW Technical Specifications XL 60320 Unit Bending Length: 6050 mm Bending Capacity: 320 tons Descent Speed: 80 mm/sec Bending Speed: 10 mm/sec Return Speed: 80 mm/sec Stroke: 350 mm Opening Height (D): 650 mm Throat Depth (E): 450 mm Distance Between Uprights (B): 5100 mm Length (L): 6865 mm Width (W): 2280 mm Width without Front Gauge (Y): 1760 mm Maximum Height: 3110 mm Main Motor: 30 kW Oil Tank: 400 liters Weight: 23,100 kg The robust EUROPA XL press brake stands out for its high precision, accuracy, and versatility. The Europa XL offers a large installation height, resulting in a long stroke (cylinder travel). The large throat depth allows for minimal constraint even with sizeable workpieces. We prioritise quality, which is reflected in the control system as well. As standard control, the high-grade S640 (2D graphic control) is included. Additionally, the KKI Europa XL press brake is equipped with Y1, Y2, X, and R CNC axes controlled via the system. CNC crowning with Esa S640 (2D graphic control) is naturally also included. We make no compromises regarding the upper tool and die, supplying the KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake with high-quality tooling from EUROSTAMP Italy. Of course, a machine is only as good as its service. This is why we focus on highly qualified staff with many years of experience in CNC sheet metal processing. CNC axes Y1, Y2, X, and R Esa S640 (2D graphic control) Back gauge with twin linear guides and ball screw Motorized crowning device with CNC control Heavy-duty adjustable height with handwheel, from 175 tons heavy-duty version with linear guide Laser protection device on the upper beam CE safety equipment Various options available Additional controls: ESA 640 2D 15'' touchscreen control                                                           ¤ 4,520,-- incl. ESA 675 W 3D 21'' touchscreen control (Windows-based)               ¤ 6,485,-- DELEM 66 T 2D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows-based)              ¤ 10,165,-- DELEM 69 T 3D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows-based)              ¤ 16,350,-- KK-Industries GmbH There’s something for everyone!

Kondisi: baru, Pressure: 320 Bending length: 3020 mm Frame width: 2555 mm Installation height: 650 mm Stroke length (max.): 400 mm Throat depth: 450 mm Dimensions (LxWxH): 3785 x 2290 x 3100 mm Weight approx.: 14,450 kg 4 axes (Y1, Y2, X, R): Yes, all axes controlled via CNC crowning control Esa S630 (2D graphic control) CNC crowning via control: Yes, via CNC crowning control Esa S630 (2D graphic control) Motor power: 30 kW Standard Equipment: KK Kletzer Europa We have assembled a high-quality model for Europe. The KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake from KK-Industries, made in Turkey. Model: KKI EUROPA XL The robust EUROPA XL press brake is characterized by its high precision, accuracy, and versatile application options. EUROPA XL features a very large installation height, resulting in a long stroke (cylinder path). The throat depth is also exceptionally large, minimizing limitations. We prioritize quality, which is also reflected in the control system. As the standard control, we use the high-quality Esa S640 (2D graphic control). In addition, the KKI Europa XL press brake is equipped with CNC axes Y1, Y2, X, and R controlled via the CNC. Of course, the CNC crowning control Esa S640 (2D graphic control) is also included as standard. When it comes to the upper tool and die, we make no compromises and equip the KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake with quality tooling from EUROSTAMP, Italy. Hfedpfed Ehikex Aqvsl Naturally, any machine is only as good as the service provided. For this reason, our focus is on highly qualified employees with extensive experience in the CNC sheet metal processing sector. CNC axes Y1, Y2, X, and R Esa S640 control (2D graphic control) Back gauge with double linear guide and ball screw Motorized crowning device with CNC control Heavy-duty version, height adjustment with handwheel; from 175 tons, heavy-duty version on linear guide Laser safety device on upper beam CE safety equipment Various options available Other controls: ESA 640 2D 15'' touchscreen control ..... ¤ 4,520 ESA 675 W 3D 21'' touchscreen control (Windows base) ..... ¤ 6,485 DELEM 66 T 2D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows base) ..... ¤ 10,165 DELEM 69 T 3D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows base) ..... ¤ 16,350 KK-Industries GmbH There's something for everyone!

Kondisi: baru, Pressure: 320 Bending length: 3020 mm Frame width: 2555 mm Installation height: 650 mm Stroke (max.): 400 mm Throat depth: 450 mm Dimensions (LxWxH): 3785x2290x3100 mm Weight approx.: 14,450 kg 4 axes (Y1, Y2, X, R): Yes, all axes via CNC control Delem DA 66 T (2D graphical control) CNC crowning via control: Yes, via CNC control Delem DA 66 T (2D graphical control) Motor power: 30 kW Standard Equipment: KK Kletzer Europa We have put together a high-quality model for Europe. The CNC press brake KK-Industries Made in Turkey. Model KKI EUROPA XL Hsdpfxjh Rwyde Aqvefl The powerful press brake EUROPA XL is characterized by its high precision, accuracy, and versatile applications. Europa XL has a very large installation height, resulting in a large stroke (cylinder travel). The throat depth is also above average, allowing for minimal restrictions. We focus on quality, which is also reflected in the control system. As standard, we use the high-end Delem DA 66 T (2D graphical control). Furthermore, the KKI Europa XL press brake is equipped with CNC axes Y1, Y2, X, and R, all programmable via the control. Of course, CNC controlled crowning (DELEM DA 66 T 2D graphical control) is included as well. There are no compromises when it comes to the upper tool and die; the KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake is fitted with high-quality tools from EUSTAMP Italy. Naturally, a machine is only as good as its service, which is why we place great emphasis on highly qualified staff with many years of experience in CNC sheet metal processing. CNC axes: Y1, Y2, X, and R Control: DELEM DA 66 T (2D graphical control) Backgauge with double linear guide and ball screw Motorized crowning with CNC control Heavy-duty height adjustment with handwheel on linear guide 3 stop fingers Installation height 650 mm Throat depth 450 mm Stroke 400 mm Laser safety device on upper beam CE safety equipment Various options available Other control systems: ESA 640 2D 15'' touchscreen control ¤ 4,520 ESA 675 W 3D 21'' touchscreen control (Windows Base) ¤ 6,485 DELEM 66 T 2D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows Base) ¤ 10,165 incl. DELEM 69 T 3D 17'' touchscreen control (Windows Base) ¤ 16,350 KK-Industries GmbH There is something for everyone!

Kondisi: baru, Here is the professional English translation for the machinery listing: Pressing force: 320 Hedpfx Aofrqhpeqvefl Bending length: 4050 Frame gap: 3550 Installation height: 650 Max. stroke length: 400 Throat depth: 450 Dimensions (LxWxH): 4740x1725x3100 Weight approx.: 17,900 kg 4 axes (Y1, Y2, X, R): Yes, all axes via Esa S640 (2D graphical control) CNC crowning via controller: Yes, via Esa S640 (2D graphical control) Motor power: 22 Technical specifications XL 40320 Unit Bending length: 4050 mm Bending force: 320 t Approach speed: 125 mm/s Bending speed: 10 mm/s Return speed: 120 mm/s Stroke: 400 mm Installation height / daylight (E): 650 mm Throat depth (D): 450 mm Upright spacing (B): 3550 mm Machine length (L): 4780 mm Machine width (W): 2290 mm Width without front gauge (Y): 1760 mm Maximum height: 3100 mm Main motor: 30 kW Oil tank volume: 400 L Machine weight: 17,500 kg The robust EUROPA XL press brake stands out for its high precision, accuracy, and versatility in application. The Europa XL offers a very generous installation height, resulting in a long cylinder stroke. Its extra-large throat depth minimizes any restrictions during operation. Our commitment to quality is also evident in the control system. The standard equipment features the high-grade Esa S640 (2D graphical control). Additionally, the KKI Europa XL press brake is equipped with Y1, Y2, X, and R CNC-axes controlled via the Esa S640 unit. Naturally, CNC-controlled crowning (Esa S640) is included as well. We make no compromises on tooling – the KKI EUROPA XL CNC press brake comes equipped with high-quality tools from EUROSTAMP Italy. Of course, a machine is only as good as its service. That’s why we focus on highly qualified personnel with extensive experience in CNC sheet metal processing. CNC axes Y1, Y2, X, and R Esa S640 (2D graphical control) Back gauge with double linear guide and ball screw Motorized CNC-controlled crowning system Heavy-duty height adjustment with hand wheel (from 175 t heavy-duty on linear guides) Laser safety device on upper beam CE safety equipment Various options available Additional control systems: ESA 640 2D 15" touchscreen control      ¤  4,520,-- incl. ESA 675 W 3D 21" touchscreen control (Windows-based)      ¤  6,485,-- DELEM 66 T 2D 17" touchscreen control (Windows-based)      ¤ 10,165,-- DELEM 69 T 3D 17" touchscreen control (Windows-based)      ¤ 16,350,-- KK-Industries GmbH There’s something for everyone!

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2026, For English: “Prod-Masz” – Your partner for all your bending needs. Our name stands for innovative products of the highest quality and reliability. Our bending machines impress with their exceptional flexibility, performance, and versatility. Bending beam only 15mm RED 3200/0.8mm Technical Specifications: - Maximum working width: 3200 mm - Bending capacity: 0.8 mm (steel) - 1.2 mm (aluminum, copper, zinc) - Bending beam thickness: 15 mm Hfsdpfjcv S H Asx Aqvsl - Bending angle: up to 150° - Upper beam opening: 80 mm - Weight: approx. 600 kg - The price also includes front depth stops and rear frame. - Roller shear available for an additional 350 EUR - Three-sided bending -> Lateral cut-outs - Notch: 60mm/45° Price: 5,100.00 EUR Delivery costs: 360.00 EUR Delivery time: weekly Cash payment upon delivery. We look forward to your inquiry! Invoices are issued either with 0% VAT as intra-community supply or plus 19% VAT.

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Delivery every Monday and Tuesday! Reliable! All PROD-MASZ roofing bending machines are valued not only by customers in Germany, but worldwide. Thanks to years of manufacturing and delivering machines to meet individual requirements, we have established ourselves as the market leader for bending machines in Europe and globally. Every roofing machine we supply features a robust and durable construction and is built to the highest standards. Bending beam thickness only 15 mm RED 3200/0.8mm + 2 handles (right and left) Technical Data: - Maximum working length: 3200 mm - Bending capacity: 0.8 mm (steel) - 1.2 mm (aluminum, copper, zinc) Hsdpfeb Eg Nkox Aqvsfl - Bending beam thickness: 15 mm - Bending angle: max. 150 degrees - Upper beam opening: 80 mm - Weight: approx. 600 kg - Rotary shear available: €350 extra Price includes front depth stops and rear supporting frame. Bending possible from 3 sides –3 lateral cutouts Cutout dimensions: 60 mm/45° Scribing template FREE! Price: €5,100.00 Delivery costs: €360.00 Delivery date: weekly Cash payment upon delivery. We look forward to your inquiry! Invoices are issued either at 0% VAT as intra-Community supply or with 19% VAT.

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Zeiss 608093 9203 ÄZ02 35/05 pengukuran lintasan 32 Prismo / pengukuran posisi 32 Prismo-ST 608093-9203-701, bekas, kondisi seperti baru, 100% berfungsi Hjdpfoz Adqisx Aqvefl

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), SMW Autoblok 80/32 VSNC Silinder Penjepit 33094311 SN: 2285, bekas, kondisi terawat dengan baik, 100% berfungsi, cakupan pengiriman sesuai dengan foto. Hsdpfoz Ac Adex Aqvefl

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 125.662 km, daya: 100 kW (135,96 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 10/2020, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat kosong: 2.040 kg, berat muatan maksimum: 760 kg, berat keseluruhan: 2.800 kg, konfigurasi gandar: 2 gandar, jarak roda: 3.200 mm, inspeksi berikutnya (TÜV): 10/2026, bahan bakar: diesel, Emisi CO₂: 177 g/km, konsumsi bahan bakar (perkotaan): 8 l/100 km, konsumsi bahan bakar (luar kota): 6 l/100 km, konsumsi bahan bakar (gabungan): 7 l/100 km, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: mekanis, kelas emisi: Euro 6, suspensi: lain, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, panjang total: 4.895 mm, panjang ruang muatan: 2.091 mm, lebar ruang muat: 1.650 mm, tinggi ruang muatan: 1.353 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kantung udara, kendali jelajah, komputer bawaan, kontrol traksi, kunci sentral, mengalami kecelakaan, pendingin udara, pintu geser, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP),

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, total daya motor 14 kW Hfodpfx Aqozz Nl Aovjl dua unit pengamplasan plus satu unit freis dua sepatu tekanan dengan kontrol waktu kecepatan feeding halus dapat diatur pada variator dua kecepatan sabuk pengamplasan plus kanan/kiri pengaturan kecepatan freis halus pada inverter pembersihan sabuk pengamplasan dengan hembusan udara osilasi mekanis penandaan CE tahun produksi 1999 380 V

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), MESIN PEMBOR DAN PEMOTONGAN CNC SERBAGUNA UNTUK PANEL DEPAN LACI (atau panel serupa) 231200A) Sistem pemuatan panel otomatis dengan robot “KUKA”, Model: KR 120 R3200 PA 231200B) Pusat pemesinan CNC (dengan meja berputar) “COMEC” Model: Frontal 1000 3S CN CA Mesin portal CNC – Pelindung keselamatan lengkap untuk mesin Meja bergerak secara horizontal. Kepala kerja yang dapat bergerak Pengumpanan panel melalui sabuk penggerak Meja masuk (dengan sabuk penggerak) + meja keluar (dengan sabuk penggerak) Dimensi benda kerja minimum (X-Y-Z) mm 250 x 50 x 15 Dimensi benda kerja maksimum (X-Y-Z) mm 1100 x mm 350 x mm 30 Total daya yang dibutuhkan (Kw) 28 (kira-kira) KELOMPOK KERJA: 1. Posisi: Pengeboran vertikal di bagian atas, dikendalikan CNC (titik ke titik) 2. Posisi: Pemotongan CNC untuk membuat alur/lekukan (dengan spindel listrik horizontal) 3. Posisi: 2 kelompok untuk pengeboran vertikal di bagian atas, dikendalikan CNC (titik ke titik) Hedpozxn Nzjfx Aqvjfl 4. Posisi: Pengeboran vertikal di bagian bawah, dikendalikan CNC (titik ke titik) 231200C) Sistem pembongkaran panel otomatis dengan robot “KUKA”, Model: KR 120 R3200 PA

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 37.167 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 03/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 37.167 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 03/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 37.167 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 03/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 37.167 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 03/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, setiap unit dilengkapi dengan 32 stasiun dengan pelat pemisah cocok untuk 64 blok: - Dimensi 1 blok penuh per stasiun -> ± 1070 mm x 530 mm - Dimensi 2 blok per stasiun -> ± 535 mm x 530 mm Ketebalan maksimum blok 100 mm Hsdpfxezxrkvo Aqvefl cocok untuk pendinginan dengan amonia atau freon (tidak termasuk) Dimensi (P x L x T): ± 4.710 x 1.600 x 1.120 mm 32 blok dengan berat ± 26 kg atau 64 blok dengan berat ± 13 kg ± 1.664 kg / siklus (2 jam 30 menit)

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), jarak tempuh: 283.323 km, pendaftaran pertama: 12/2015, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, konfigurasi gandar: 8x4, jarak roda: 2.600 mm, bahan bakar: diesel, kapasitas tangki bahan bakar: 500 l, rem: pengereman mesin, warna: oranye, kabin pengemudi: kabin tidur, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, kelas emisi: Euro 6, Tahun pembuatan: 2015, Perlengkapan: AdBlue, derek, filter jelaga, kendali jelajah, kopling trailer, kunci sentral, lampu kabut, pendingin udara, pengaturan jendela elektrik, sistem navigasi, spion elektrik, spoiler,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 55.236 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 04/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, panjang total: 6.967 mm, lebar total: 2.345 mm, tinggi total: 2.616 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 55.236 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 04/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, panjang total: 6.967 mm, lebar total: 2.345 mm, tinggi total: 2.616 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 55.236 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 04/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, panjang total: 6.967 mm, lebar total: 2.345 mm, tinggi total: 2.616 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 32.500 km, daya: 207 kW (281,44 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 12/2020, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 11.990 kg, konfigurasi gandar: 2 gandar, warna: putih, kelas emisi: Euro 6, panjang ruang muatan: 4.000 mm, lebar ruang muat: 2.350 mm, tinggi ruang muatan: 500 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, derek, pendingin udara,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 32.500 km, daya: 207 kW (281,44 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 12/2020, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 11.990 kg, konfigurasi gandar: 2 gandar, warna: putih, kelas emisi: Euro 6, panjang ruang muatan: 4.000 mm, lebar ruang muat: 2.350 mm, tinggi ruang muatan: 500 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, derek, pendingin udara,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 206.496 km, daya: 105 kW (142,76 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 07/2019, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: biru, tipe perpindahan gigi: mekanis, kelas emisi: Euro 6, panjang ruang muatan: 4.300 mm, lebar ruang muat: 1.760 mm, tinggi ruang muatan: 1.920 mm, Tahun pembuatan: 2019, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP),

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 49.723 km, daya: 125 kW (169,95 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 07/2025, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 3.500 kg, warna: putih, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, jumlah tempat duduk: 3, Perlengkapan: ABS, filter jelaga, kunci sentral, pendingin udara, program stabilitas elektronik (ESP), sistem navigasi,