Beli Cnc Fräsmaschine Emco - Fb 450 Mc bekas (16.020)

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2008, jam operasional: 12.125 h, daya motor spindle: 29.000 W, kecepatan spindel (maks.): 5.000 rpm, produsen pengendali: SIEMENS, model controller: SINUMERIK 840D, jumlah sumbu: 6, This 6-axis EMCO Hyperturn 665MC Plus turning-milling center was manufactured in 2008. It features a multi-axis CNC system with Y-axis and B-axis for complete machining of turned and milled parts. Equipped with integrated spindle motors on both main and counter spindles, it offers spindle speeds of up to 5000 rpm on the main spindle and 7000 rpm on the counter spindle. It includes a 24-position tool magazine and SINUMERIK 840D control. If you are looking for high-quality turning and milling capabilities, you should consider the EMCO Hyperturn 665MC Plus machine that we are offering for sale. Contact us for further information about this machine. Additional Equipment • Tool turret: 12-station VDI 30 radial turret with directional logic for up to 12 driven tool stations • B-PowerMill: Motorized milling spindle with 24-position tool magazine, 210° swivel range • Optional tooling package: Includes static and live tool holders, collet chuck holders, reduction sleeves, and actuation clamps • Hollow clamping cylinder with draw tube / part ejector and flushing through the counter spindle / finished part removal device • Finished part collection device / coolant system in the chip conveyor / high-pressure pump (14 bar) and fine filter • Flushing pumps (3.7 bar) / control cabinet air conditioning unit / electrostatic oil mist separator • Hydraulic power unit / machine light / interface for foot switch / signal light • Documentation with handwheel, PC keyboard, network preparation, tool monitoring, turning window, cleaning gun • Workholding device for main spindle: Hainbuch BZI 80 center draw/ Machine Advantages Kdedpey Hty Dsfx Apaor Technical Advantages • Counter spindle: 22 kW / Counter spindle: 0-7000 rpm • Main spindle: kk 6 (bar capacity 65 mm) / Counter spindle: kk 6 • Y-axis travel range: +/- 50 mm • C-axis for main and counter spindle • Counter spindle: 3-jaw chuck 210 mm • Approx. 40 capto c4 holders for milling spindle • Loader lm 1200 • The machine does not have Shopturn programming. It must be programmed using ISO code, with simple cycles available for drilling, milling, indexing, etc. • 12-station turret and a milling spindle

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2018, daya motor spindle: 22.000 W, kecepatan spindel (maks.): 5.000 rpm, jarak pergerakan sumbu X: 260 mm, jarak lintasan sumbu Y: 80 mm, jarak gerak sumbu Z: 610 mm, tinggi total: 2.060 mm, lebar total: 2.800 mm, berat keseluruhan: 6.500 kg, produsen pengendali: SIEMENS, model controller: SINUMERIK 828D, panjang produk (maks.): 3.450 mm, jumlah sumbu: 4, This 4-axis EMCO EMCOTURN E65 was manufactured in 2018. It offers a maximum machining diameter of Ø500 mm and a maximum turning length of 520 mm. The machine is equipped with a Siemens SINUMERIK 828D CNC control and features driven tools for greater versatility. If you are looking for high-quality turning and milling capabilities, consider the EMCO EMCOTURN E65 turn-mill center we have for sale. Contact us for further details about this machine. • Working Area: • Swing over bed: Ø610 mm • Swing over cross slide: Ø360 mm • Distance between centers: 682 mm • Distance between spindle noses: 840 mm • Max. machining diameter: Ø500 mm • Max. machining length: 520 mm • Max. bar capacity: Ø65 mm • Main spindle (belt drive): • Torque (40% DC): 305 Nm • Spindle nose: A2-6 • Bearing diameter: 105 mm • Spindle bore: Ø73 mm • Max. chuck size: Ø250 mm • Sub spindle: • Speed: 60-5000 rpm • Power (40% DC): 11 / 16.5 kW • Torque (40% DC): 80 / 125 Nm • Spindle nose: A2-6 • Spindle bore: Ø73 mm • Max. chuck: Ø200 mm • C-axis: • Resolution: 0.001° • Rapid traverse speed: 100 rpm • Turret (VDI30): • Tool positions: 12 • Driven tools: yes • Max. speed: 5000 rpm • Max. power: 6.7 kW • Max. torque: 25 Nm • Indexing time: 0.2 s • Live tooling (VDI30): • Speed: 0-5000 rpm • Torque: 25 Nm • Power: 6.7 kW • Feed drives: • Rapid traverse (X/Y/Z): 30 / 15 / 30 m/min • Feed force X: 5000 N • Feed force Z: 7000 N • Acceleration: 0.4 m/s² • Tailstock: • Stroke: 500 mm • Force: 8000 N • Taper: MT4 • Coolant system: • Tank volume: 230 l • Pump power: 0.57 / 2.2 kW • Pressure: 3.5 bar (optionally 14 bar) • Flow rate: 15 / 65 l/min • Hydraulic unit: • Tank: 10 l • Max. pressure: 50 bar • Pneumatics: • Pressure: 6 bar • Air consumption: 5 l/min • Electrical supply: • Voltage: 3x400V • Frequency: 50/60 Hz • Connected load: 25 / 39 kVA • Noise level: • Average: 75 dB(A) • Key features: Kdedpfx Apoy Enr Eoaor • Main spindle with C-axis • Driven tools • Hydraulic tailstock • ShopTurn programming • USB and Ethernet • 15" touchscreen + 3D simulation • CE documentation Additional Equipment • Bar feeder: EMCO SL1200 • Bar diameter: 8-95 mm • Bar length: 150-1200 mm • Feed rate: 60 m/min • Capacity: 10 bars Ø55 mm / 70 bars Ø8 mm • Weight: ~500 kg • Collet chuck: HAINBUCH BZI 100 (A2-8) • Max. capacity: Ø100 mm • Including part stop • Max. speed: 5000 rpm • Parts catcher: • Max. length: 175 mm • Max. diameter: 65 mm (optional 95 mm) • Max. weight: 4.5 kg • Chip conveyor: • Length: 1200 mm • Suitable for: long swarf, tangled chips, dry and wet machining • Coolant gun (Multiflow): • Adjustable nozzle + solenoid valve • Magnetic holder + spiral hose Technical Specification Taper Size VDI 30 Counter Spindle Yes Driven Tools Yes

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1999, jam operasional: 20.941 h, jarak pergerakan sumbu X: 56 mm, jarak gerak sumbu Z: 176 mm, jumlah sumbu: 2, Mesin bubut horizontal, diproduksi pada tahun 1999. EMCO Emcoturn 325 ini memiliki tegangan suplai 3 fasa sebesar 400 V dan arus nominal 9,5 A. Jika Anda mencari kemampuan pembubutan berkualitas tinggi, pertimbangkan mesin EMCO Emcoturn 325 yang kami tawarkan untuk dijual. Hubungi kami untuk detail lebih lanjut. • Tegangan suplai: 400 V • Fase: 3 fasa (3/PE – tiga fasa + grounding/pengaman) • Frekuensi: 50/60 Hz • Arus nominal (IM): 9,5 A • Arus maksimum (Imax): 18 A • Arus hubung singkat (Ik): 6 kA • Duty cycle: S6 – 40% Kdodpfx Apoy A Hw Ujaor Spesifikasi Teknis Counter spindle: Tidak Driven tools: Tidak

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2006, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: R2DU2101, en-001 Kdjdpfx Aeyzn U Ejpasr

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2019, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: S4ES_V16, 1 Kdedpoyzn Tnefx Apaer

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2002, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: R2EU2002, cnc_drehmaschine_angebot Ksdpfx Asyzn N Nopaedr

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1995, Description Control: Sinumerik 810M Spindle speed: 5000 rpm Turret head: 12-position Table clamping surface: length 850 mm, width 325 mm Very good condition, regularly serviced. Operating manual in German Number of axes: 3 (X, Y, Z) Ksdpfx Apovt Amujaedr Travel paths: X 420 mm, Y 330 mm, Z 240 mm Control system: Sinumerik 810 M Max. spindle speed: 5000 rpm Automatic tool changer for 12 tools Tool holder: SK40 Coolant system

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2000, EMCO VMC 600, Siemens, tahun produksi 2000. Ksdpfx Asxxakwjpaodr

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2008, HYPERTURN 665 MCplus - B-PowerMill Multi-axis CNC turning center with automatic tool changer, Y-axis and B-axis, designed for complete machining of turn-mill parts. Features integrated spindle motors (ISM) on both main and sub-spindles, equipped with a thermal compensation system (liquid-cooled). Drive power: Main spindle – 29 kW Sub-spindle – 22 kW Speed range: Main spindle: 0-5000 rpm Sub-spindle: 0-7000 rpm Spindle interface (DIN 55026): Main spindle: KK 6 (through-bore 65 mm) Sub-spindle: KK 6 Y-axis: Travel range +/- 50 mm The Y-axis is engineered so that resultant cutting forces are distributed across two axes, ensuring extremely high rigidity for all machining operations. B-PowerMill: For machining inclined surfaces and bores, a motorized milling spindle with 24-station tool magazine is integrated on the upper slide system. The swiveling range of 210° can be traversed and interpolated continuously. Preloaded roller guides on all linear axes, digital drive system, integrated spindle encoder, and state-of-the-art SINUMERIK 840D CNC control, including: * Hollow clamping cylinder with draw tube * Parts ejector and flushing through the sub-spindle * 12-position VDI 30 turret, radial, with directional logic for up to 12 driven tool stations Swing speed adjustable via feed override Performance data: Max. 6.7 kW at 2650 rpm Constant torque 25 Nm Speed range 0-5000 rpm - C-axis for both main and sub-spindle - TRANSMIT software for easy C-axis programming Additional features: * Parts catcher for finished workpieces * Sinumerik 840D * Chip conveyor with programmable discharge height of 1200 mm (hinged belt type) * Coolant unit integrated into chip conveyor - 1x High-pressure pump (14 bar) - 1x High-pressure pump (14 bar), incl. 20 µm fine filter - 2x Flushing pumps (3.7 bar) * Electrical cabinet climate control unit * Electrostatic oil mist separator Kodpfx Ajxz Ab Repaedr * Hydraulic power unit * Machine light * Footswitch interface * Documentation Includes: - Handwheel - PC keyboard - Network readiness - Tool monitoring - Turning window - Cleaning pistol - Signal lamp Year of manufacture: 2008 Machine No.: R7AW0401

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2021, Unit Kontrol Merek: HEIDENHAIN Model: TNC 620 Meja Kerja Beban meja: 1500 kg Penggerak Utama Jumlah sumbu: 4 Kecepatan spindle: 15.000 RPM Tipe alat: SK 40 Kdedpfjx D Dzdox Apasr Pergerakan Pergerakan sumbu X: 1200 mm Pergerakan sumbu Z: 500 mm Pergerakan sumbu Y: 610 mm Alat Slot dalam penyimpanan: 32 EMCO Emcomill EM 1200 dengan 4 sumbu ini diproduksi tahun 2021. Dilengkapi dengan kontrol HEIDENHAIN TNC 620, spindle 15.000 rpm, dan dudukan alat SK40. Mesin ini menawarkan langkah X-1200, Y-610, Z-500 dan mendukung berat benda kerja maksimum 1500 kg. Dengan 32 alat potong dan 3300 jam operasi, pertimbangkan kesempatan untuk membeli pusat pemesinan vertikal EMCO Emcomill EM 1200 ini. Hubungi kami untuk informasi lebih lanjut. Tipe Aplikasi Milling (Frais)

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2000, High-performance CNC vertical machining center with SIEMENS 840 D, dual pallet changer, internal coolant supply, linear guides, and 30-position tool magazine Table size 2 x 1000 x 450 mm Tool holder DIN 69871 ISO 40 Travel distances X-axis 1100 mm Kodpfx Aod I R E Nopaodr Y-axis 500 mm Z-axis 640 mm Spindle speed range 50 – 10,000 rpm Table load capacity 600 kg Feed range X/Y/Z, infinitely variable - 10,000 mm/min Rapid traverse in all axes 30 m/min Drive power 18.5 kW Machine dimensions L x W x H approx. 3605 x 3041 x 3220 mm Weight approx. 6,700 kg Accessories / Special Features: • CNC path control SIEMENS 840 D • Dual pallet changer • 30-position tool changer • Fully enclosed safety cabin with electrically interlocked doors • High spindle speed up to 10,000 rpm and drive power of 18.5 kW • Linear guides with double roller recirculating carriages for uniform absorption of high torques in all directions • Ball screws in all 3 axes • Entire machine bed made from Meehanite cast iron for precision, rigidity, and vibration damping • Tool holder DIN 69871, ISO 40 • Hinged belt chip conveyor with integrated coolant system • 4th axis preparation • CE-compliant Siegfried Volz Werkzeugmaschinen Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 D - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2018, jam operasional: 15.845 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: S6E182501, lubang spindel: 65 mm, kecepatan spindel (maks.): 5.000 rpm, daya motor spindle: 22 W, Mesin sangat terawat, 90% produksi dioperasikan oleh satu orang. Servis dilakukan sesuai rekomendasi pabrikan. Kdsdpfx Ajyvtugjpajr

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2007, jam operasional: 11.261 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: M-077.084.07, berat kosong: 4.800 kg, Perlengkapan: konveyor serpihan, RINCIAN MESIN Berat: 4.800 kg Jam Operasi Kjdpfxexpvwzj Apaodr Jam spindle: 11.261 jam Jam kontrol dinyalakan: 125.668 jam PERLENGKAPAN Sabuk konveyor (FAMUP 405-1498-1, 352 kg)

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1998, • Pusat Pemesinan CNC Emco, Tipe VMC 600, Tahun Pembuatan 1998 Kodpfxoyucbfs Apasdr • termasuk handwheel + 3 ragum dengan alat penjepit

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2006, EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Lathe EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006, in excellent original condition. The machine comes from special machinery production of a renowned German mechanical engineering company. CE compliant!! Technical data: Year of manufacture: 2006 EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Technical Data Working range Travel in X/Y/Z 135 / - / 590 mm Distance between centers 650 mm Center height 140 mm Main spindle Max. speed 4000 rpm Spindle mount Size 4 (DIN 55029) Max. drive power 7.5 kW Tailstock Quill diameter 30 mm Internal taper Ksdoxyvaqepfx Apajdr MT 2 Quill stroke 80 mm Dimensions Size (LxWxH) 1280 x 730 x 1480 mm Machine weight 420 kg About the machine: The EMCOMAT 14D is the smallest machine in the EMCOMAT series. The EMCOMAT 14D is a lathe designed for the highest requirements: with infinitely variable speed control, constant cutting speed, and an impressive 7.5 kW drive power (40% duty cycle). The compact powerhouse is ideal wherever maximum precision is required within a small footprint: for example, in optics, electronics, and automotive workshops, laboratories, and even in Formula 1. Offered here is an EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D lathe with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006. This lathe is in very good original condition. It comes from a facility where it was used only occasionally in special engineering projects. Very user-friendly controls. The guides are regularly lubricated via central lubrication. The EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D has been mechanically and electrically tested by us. Take the opportunity to inspect and test the EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D under power on site. Further lathes from renowned manufacturers can be found on our website.

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2006, EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Lathe EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006, in excellent original condition. The machine comes from the custom manufacturing department of a renowned German engineering company. CE-compliant! Technical Data: Year of manufacture: 2006 EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Technical specifications: Working area Travel in X/Y/Z: 135 / - / 590 mm Distance between centers: 650 mm Center height: 140 mm Main spindle Maximum speed: 4,000 rpm Spindle nose: Size 4 (DIN 55029) Maximum drive power: 7.5 kW Tailstock Quill diameter: 30 mm Quill taper: MK 2 Kdjdpfoxyvbbex Apasr Quill stroke: 80 mm Dimensions (LxWxH): 1280 x 730 x 1480 mm Machine weight: 420 kg About the machine: The EMCOMAT 14D is the smallest machine in the EMCOMAT series. Designed for demanding tasks, the EMCOMAT 14D offers stepless speed control, constant cutting speed, and an impressive drive power of 7.5 kW (40% duty cycle). This compact lathe is ideal for environments where space is at a premium, but top precision is essential: for example, in optics, electronics, and automotive workshops, labs, and even Formula 1 applications. Offered here is an EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D lathe with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006, in excellent original condition. The machine was only lightly used for special manufacturing tasks. It features an easy-to-use control system. The guideways are regularly lubricated via central lubrication. The EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D has been mechanically and electrically tested by us. Take the opportunity to view and test the EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D under power at our facility. You can find more lathes from reputable manufacturers on our website.

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2006, EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Lathe EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006, in excellent original condition. The machine comes from the special engineering department of a renowned German mechanical engineering company. Kdodpfx Apoxyvbnjajr CE compliant!! Technical data: Year of manufacture: 2006 EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D Technical data Working area Traverse path in X/Y/Z: 135 / - / 590 mm Centre distance: 650 mm Centre height: 140 mm Main spindle Max. speed: 4,000 rpm Spindle nose: Size 4 (DIN 55029) Max. drive power: 7.5 kW Tailstock Quill diameter: 30 mm Internal taper: MT 2 Quill stroke: 80 mm Dimensions Dimensions (LxWxH): 1280 x 730 x 1480 mm Machine weight: 420 kg About the machine: The EMCOMAT 14D is the smallest lathe in the EMCOMAT series. The EMCOMAT 14D is designed for demanding applications: featuring stepless speed control, constant cutting speed, and an impressive 7.5 kW drive power (40% duty cycle). This compact powerhouse is ideal wherever maximum precision is required in limited space, for example in optical, electrical, and automotive workshops, laboratories, and even Formula 1 operations. Offered here is a lathe EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D with Emco digital readout, year of manufacture 2006. This lathe is in excellent original condition. It comes from a facility where it was only occasionally used for custom-built applications. The control system is very user-friendly. The guideways are regularly lubricated via the central lubrication system. The EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D has been mechanically and electrically tested in our facility. Take the opportunity to inspect and test the EMCO EMCOMAT 14 D under power at our location. You will find additional lathes from reputable manufacturers on our website.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2006, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, lubang spindel: 50 mm, EMCO lathe EMCOMAT 17D ex-educational use in very neat condition. Specifications: - Year of manufacture: 2006 - Swing over bed: 340 mm - Swing over cross-slide: 190 mm - Distance between centers: 700 mm - Spindle speed: 40–3000 rpm, variable in 4 ranges - Spindle bore: 50 mm Accessories: - 3-jaw chuck with internal and external jaws - 3-axis digital readout - electrical diagram Kdedpfxsu N Dpmj Apasr - Multifix quick-change tool post with 3 holders - coolant system - machine lighting - live center - bed stop - machine feet

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2008, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, diameter pembubutan: 340 mm, diameter pembubutan di atas alas geser: 340 mm, tinggi pusat: 170 mm, panjang pembubutan: 650 mm, panjang total: 1.750 mm, lebar total: 900 mm, tinggi total: 1.600 mm, kecepatan spindel (maks.): 3.000 rpm, kecepatan rotasi (maks.): 3.000 rpm, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, Perlengkapan: kecepatan rotasi dapat diubah tanpa batas, Mesin kondisinya hampir seperti baru, berasal dari pendidikan, dan dilengkapi dengan perlengkapan collet (spantang) lengkap. Kjdpjywfrtefx Apajdr

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2012, en-001-TD-2024-06-27 Kdsdpfxjt Acy As Apaer

Kondisi: baik (bekas), jarak tempuh: 327.000 km, daya: 338 kW (459,55 hp), jenis bahan bakar: diesel, jarak roda: 4.600 mm, bahan bakar: diesel, kapasitas tangki bahan bakar: 415 l, rem: intarder, warna: putih, kabin pengemudi: kabin harian, tipe perpindahan gigi: semi-otomatis, kelas emisi: Euro 6, Perlengkapan: AdBlue, derek,

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1997, Pusat Pemesinan Vertikal CNC Bridgeport VMC 800/22 dengan Kontrol Heidenhein TNC 426 Dimensi Meja 1.000 x 490mm (5 alur berbentuk 'T'). Kapasitas Beban Meja Maksimum 750kg. Jarak Pergerakan Sumbu 'X' = 800mm, 'Y' = 510mm, 'Z' = 500mm. Kecepatan Spindel Maksimum 6.000 rpm (Motor 11kW). Tirus Spindel BT40. ATC 22 Posisi. Nomor Seri 720971 (1997). Kdodpfx Apszt N Rpjajr Dilengkapi dengan Sistem Pendingin, Antarmuka Probe Spindel, 2 Penjepit Mesin Tugas Berat (Lebar Rahang 200mm), dan sejumlah Pemegang Alat. Berat 3.600kg.

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2019, jam operasional: 692 h, jarak pergerakan sumbu X: 4.500 mm, Pusat pengeboran CMA generasi ketiga untuk profil baja dan komponen konstruksi, tahun pembuatan 2019 dengan hanya sekitar 692 jam operasi. CNC dengan layar sentuh OMRON dengan pemrograman dialog dan DIN/ISO, jarak perjalanan sumbu X 4.500 mm, spindel BT40 50-4.000 RPM (13,1 kW, hingga 125 Nm) untuk pengeboran penuh hingga Ø 36 mm dan pembuatan ulir hingga M24 pada baja. Operasi pendulum untuk pemuatan selama proses, pengganti alat 10 posisi, pembaca Z untuk pengukuran ketinggian, dan pendinginan melalui spindel. Sepenuhnya berfungsi. Kjdpfx Aszmyzfjpasdr

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1998, Technical Specifications: Kodpov Htnijfx Apaodr Working width: 2000 mm Bending capacity: 25.0 mm Pre-bending: 20.0 mm CNC control Top roll diameter: 320 mm Center roll diameter: 320 mm Side roll diameter: 240 mm Hardened rolls Cone bending device by tilting both side rolls Mobile control panel with digital display Motor power: 11 kW CE marking Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 4500 x 2000 x 1900 mm Weight: approx. 11 t The seller is not liable for typographical or data transmission errors. The machine’s condition—both visually and technically, including wear—is consistent with its age; used machines are sold without any warranty.

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2001, 1 Ksdeza D U Depfx Apasdr