Beli Arburg 320C-600-250 (238) bekas (22.057)

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2007, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, gaya penjepit: 800 kN, translation_de_en_001 Dwedpfx Aajx U Dnuotob

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1985, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 38754, Fungsionalitas: fungsi terbatas, jam operasional: 200 h, gaya penekanan: 250 t, Mesin pelengkung plat ini dipasang baru pada tahun 1989 dan hanya digunakan selama 200 jam, setelah itu tidak pernah digunakan lagi. Bagian mekanis berfungsi penuh dan dalam kondisi sempurna, namun panel listrik memerlukan perbaikan. Gaya Tekan: 250 mp (metrik ton) Panjang Permukaan Kerja: 5600 mm Lebar Permukaan Kerja: 400 mm Dwsdeykl Iaspfx Aatsb Tinggi Permukaan Kerja: 100 mm Berat: Sekitar 37.000 kg Ukuran Press (PxLxT): 5700 x 3150 x 5200 mm

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2015, Kekuatan pegas: 50 ton Diameter sekrup: 35 mm Dwodezwfn Ejpfx Aateb Berat peluru: 132 g Volume peluru: 145 cm³ Tekanan injeksi: 2.000 bar Konstruksi: Vertikal Penggerak: hidraulik

Tahun pembuatan: 2022, Kondisi: baru, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Mesin BARU. Harga €240.000 bruto. Dwedpfswdtd Djx Aatsb

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1996, Dijual mesin injeksi ARBURG 420C tahun 1996. Mesin dalam kondisi beroperasi penuh, terawat dengan baik, dan digunakan untuk produksi ringan. Konstruksi hidrolik yang kokoh, ideal untuk cetakan berukuran sedang. Parameter: - Gaya penutupan: sekitar 100 ton Dwodpozdlwasfx Aatsb - Jarak antar kolom: 420 x 420 mm - Ukuran screw: sekitar 35-40 mm - Volume injeksi: 140-180 cm³ Kontrol: Dialogica / Selogica - Berat: sekitar 3,5 ton

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2014, 1 Djdpfx Ajhktq Aeatowb

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2008, Arburg OK-C S350-60 / Vertical Injection Moulding Machine with Sliding Table / Very Good Technical Condition Year of manufacture: 2008 Injection Unit: Screw diameter: 18 mm Shot weight: 18 g Injection pressure: 2,500 bar Dosing volume: 20 ccm Clamping Unit: Clamping force: 35 t Tie bar distance: 0x0 mm Platen size: 295x395 mm Ejector: hydraulic Clamping unit: hydraulic Control system: SELOGICA - Touchscreen Additional Equipment: Vertical injection moulding machine with sliding table 3 stations on sliding table Air valve x 4 Hydraulic core pull x 1 Hot runner control Hardened injection unit - bimetallic Parallel movements Infrared safety curtains Screw diameter change possible Dimensions: Weight: 2,500 kg Length/Width/Height: 2.55x1.85x3.52 m Dwodpfx Aozy Ibteatsb All machines offered are started and tested by our service technicians prior to sale. It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests of the selected machine, or to participate in live technical tests at our premises in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2005, Arburg 1200T 800-150 / Vertical Injection Moulding Machine with Rotary Table Year of manufacture: 2005 Dsdpozy Ihtofx Aatewb Injection unit: Screw diameter: 25 mm Shot weight: 45 g Injection pressure: 2500 bar Dosage volume: 54 ccm Clamping unit: Clamping force: 80 t Tie bar distance: 0x0 mm Platen size: 1200 mm Ejector: hydraulic Clamping unit: hydraulic Control system: SELOGICA Additional equipment: Air valve x 6 Hydraulic core pull x 6 Hot runner control system Injection unit hardened – bimetallic Rotary table diameter: 1200 mm Kistler sensor – mould pressure regulation Machine serviced by authorised Arburg service in Germany Dimensions: Weight: 7,400 kg Length/Width/Height: 3.92x1.61x3.78 m Drive: Pump/Motor: 22 kW Heating capacity: 9.4 kW Total connected load: 31.4 kW All machines offered are started and tested by our service technicians prior to sale. It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests of the selected machine or participate in live technical tests at our premises in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2002, jam operasional: 121.000 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, gaya penjepit: 500 kN, diameter sekrup: 20 mm, For sale is an injection moulding machine by Arburg, model 320 C 500-100. The machine is in good condition and fully functional after installation. Technical data: Year of manufacture: 2002 Pump hours: 121,000 h Clamping force: 500 kN Ejector force: 35 kN Tie bar distance: 550 mm Clear tie bar spacing: 320x320 mm Platen dimensions: 446x446 mm Screw diameter: 20 mm Calculated shot volume: 31 cm³ Transport and loading can be organised at extra cost upon request, Europe-wide. All prices are subject to VAT. Inspection possible by appointment. Please contact us—our team will be happy to assist you. Trade-in or exchange possible! Machinery purchase/sale BUYING / SELLING OF PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES AND MORE. Dsdpjwqnhwefx Aatowb Do you need a high-quality yet affordable metalworking machine for your production? Or would you like to sell yours? For further information or contact options, please visit our website.

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2010, Mesin injeksi Arburg 370H 600-290, tahun pembuatan 2010, termasuk Wittmann picker. Mesin injeksi Arburg 470C 1500-400, tahun pembuatan 2006, termasuk Wittmann handling. Dsdpjy R Tg Ejfx Aatjwb

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2003, arburg-320s-de-en Dedpfxszy Idzs Aatswb

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2001, Arburg 320K 700-100 Year of manufacture: 2001 Injection Unit: - Screw diameter: 30 mm - Shot weight: 59 g - Injection pressure: 1550 bar - Dosage volume: 70 ccm Clamping Unit: - Clamping force: 70 t - Tie bar spacing: 320 x 320 mm - Platen size: 476 x 476 mm - Ejector: hydraulic - Clamping system: toggle lever Control system: SELOGICA Additional equipment: - Hydraulic core pull x 1 - Injection unit hardened - bimetallic - Central lubrication - Original Arburg mold crane, 2 lifting speeds, load capacity 100 kg Dimensions: - Weight: 2170 kg - Length/Width/Height: 2.94 x 1.45 x 1.99 m Drive: - Pump/motor: 11 kW Dwsdpfezy Igpsx Aatjb - Heating capacity: 4.9 kW - Total installed power: 15.9 kW All machines offered are started up and tested by our service technicians prior to sale. It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests of the selected machine or to participate in live technical demonstrations at our company site in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: bekas, Mesin cetak injeksi ARBURG Tipe Allrounder 221 M 350-75 Nomor Pabrik: 163646 Tahun Pembuatan: 1995 Gaya penguncian: 35 ton (350 kN) Djdpfx Aaozx Etwjtswb Diameter sekrup: diperkirakan Ø 25 mm Ukuran pelat penahan: 342 x 250 mm Diameter cetakan: maks. 221 mm Tinggi pemasangan cetakan: 150 hingga 300 mm Jarak antar kolom: 221 mm (jarak bersih) Langkah pembukaan – langkah pelat: maks. 200 mm Langkah ejektor: 60 mm Gaya ejektor: 27 kN Kapasitas tangki oli hidrolik: 120 liter (pengiriman tanpa oli) Daya pemanas: 4 kW Daya motor pompa hidrolik: 7,5 kW Koneksi listrik: 400 Volt, 50 Hz, 12 kW - Sistem kontrol ARBURG MULTRONICA dengan keyboard membran dan layar - Corong pelet baja tahan karat 50 liter, di unit injeksi - Lemari kontrol yang berdekatan Ukuran yang dibutuhkan tanpa palet pengangkutan P x L x T: 2750 x 1350 x 1850 mm Dimensi pengangkutan pada palet P x L x T: 2750 x 1700 x 1900 mm Berat: sekitar 1300 kg Kondisi bagus

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2012, jam operasional: 55.800 h, gaya penjepit: 100 kN, volume langkah: 201 cm³, tekanan injeksi: 2.000 batang, berat keseluruhan: 5.400 kg, diameter konveyor sekrup: 40 mm, Dasar Pengiriman: ex lokasi Waktu Pengiriman: sesuai kesepakatan Dedpfx Aasylpyvjtowb Syarat Pembayaran: 100% sebelum pengambilan mesin, bersih tanpa potongan

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2012, jam operasional: 55.400 h, gaya penjepit: 100 kN, volume langkah: 201 cm³, tekanan injeksi: 2.000 batang, berat keseluruhan: 5.400 kg, diameter konveyor sekrup: 40 mm, Dasar Pengiriman: ex lokasi Dsdpfoylpy Aox Aatewb Waktu Pengiriman: sesuai kesepakatan Syarat Pembayaran: 100% sebelum pengambilan mesin, bersih tanpa potongan

Kondisi: baru, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, de-to-en Djdpfek Dz Hwex Aatjwb

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2012, Arburg 520H 1500-800 e² / Hybrid Injection Moulding Machine / Production Line with Side-mounted Arburg Multilift H Robot Year of manufacture: 09.2012 Dedpfjzy I I Tsx Aatswb Injection Unit: Screw diameter: 55 mm Shot weight: 434 g Injection pressure: 1650 bar Dosage volume: 474 ccm Clamping Unit: Clamping force: 150 t Tie bar distance: 520x520 mm Platen size: 695x695 mm Ejector: electric Clamping system: toggle lever Control system: SELOGICA - Touchscreen Additional equipment: - Hybrid machine: high-speed, energy-saving, and very quiet - Control with air valve - Core pull control - Control with 12 hot runner zones - Injection unit hardened - bimetallic - Main motor of the machine – servo motor driven by inverter – energy saving - Injection unit driven by servo motor controlled by inverter - Machine equipped with cylinder / accumulator with compressed nitrogen (additional charge for high-speed operation) - Central lubrication - Automatic mould height adjustment - Kistler sensor – mould pressure control - The injection moulding machine was operated in a so-called “cleaning room”, equipped with additional protection against contamination as well as two fume absorbers - Side-mounted Arburg Multilift H robot Year of manufacture: 2012 - 5-axis robot: Z-axis servo-motor driven (electric); X-, Y- and B-axes (rotation) driven pneumatically - Safety package for the robot - Robot with adapter, conveyor with electric height adjustment, protective housing - Purchase of robot and conveyor at an additional cost Dimensions: Weight: 6840 kg Length/Width/Height: 5.03x1.56x2.21 m All machines offered are started and tested by our service technicians prior to sale. A video of the technical tests of the selected machine can be provided or you are welcome to attend live technical testing at our company in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1991, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 30 kW (40,79 hp), tegangan masuk: 200 V, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, gaya penekanan: 250 t, lebar meja: 760 mm, panjang meja: 2.700 mm, berat keseluruhan: 35.000 kg, gaya punching: 250 t, Perlengkapan: dokumentasi / manual, penghadang cahaya keselamatan, AIDA NC2-250(1) 250t Eccentric Press in Excellent Condition /ctA2/ Manufacturer: AIDA Model: NC2-250(1) Press Force: 160t Year of Manufacture: approx. 1991 Stroke Length: 170 mm Shut Height Over Table: (adjustable) 280–400 mm Table Dimensions: 2700 x 760 mm Ram Dimensions: 2100 x 700 mm Electrical Power: 3x200V (!!), 30kW – Japanese standard Net Weight: 35,000 kg Dimensions: 2760 x 2800 x 3980 mm Automatic lubrication system. Automatic cutting oil dispensing – RAZIOL EST-02 Dedpfx Aou Dxb Tsatswb Optionally available with decoiler and straightening machine.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2012, Arburg 820S 4000-2100/400 / Production Line with Sepro Industrial Robot SR S5-35 S3 Trans / Operating hours: 42,014 h in automatic mode Year of manufacture: 09.2012 Injection Unit: Screw diameter: 60 mm Shot weight: 723 g Injection pressure: 2500 bar Dosage volume: 792 cm³ Clamping Unit: Clamping force: 400 t Tie bar spacing: 820x820 mm Platen size: 1171x1171 mm Ejector: hydraulic Clamping unit: hydraulic Control: SELOGICA - touchscreen Additional equipment: 2K injection moulding machine with rotary table and robot Dwsdpszy I Tpefx Aateb Very good technical condition Operating hours: 42,014 h in automatic mode Euromap 67 Robot interface Air valve x 6 Hydraulic core pull, controlled by proportional valve x 4 pairs Hot runner control x 24 Reinforced injection units – bimetallic Proportional valve on the vertical injection unit – precise injection Machine with six cylinders / batteries with compressed nitrogen (extra charge for fast operation) Parallel movements Automatic mould height adjustment Screw diameter in vertical injection unit: ⌀40 mm - 184 g/PS Built-in system for pressure quality control by Kistler – measurement of mould pressure Original Weber rotary table: very precise, driven electrically by a servomotor controlled by an inverter Rotary table diameter: 1200 mm Purchase of rotary table at extra cost Robot: Sepro Industrial Robot SR S5-35 S3 Trans Year of manufacture: 2012 3-axis robot: 3 axes driven by electric servomotors: X, Y, Z (telescopic) Axis travel (approx.): X-5000, Y-1400, Z-2000 Automatic axis lubrication Touch control panel Robot safety package Robot with adapter and protective housing Purchase of robot at extra cost Dimensions: Weight: 21,000 kg Length/Width/Height: 8.00x2.32x4.21 m All offered machines are started up by our service technicians prior to sale. It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests for the selected machine or to participate in live technical tests at our company in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2012, Arburg 520H 1500-800 e² / hybrid machine / production line with Arburg Multilift H side-entry robot Year of manufacture: 04.2012 Djdezy I Nkjpfx Aatewb Injection unit: Screw diameter: 55 mm Shot weight: 434 g Injection pressure: 1,650 bar Dosing volume: 474 cc Clamping unit: Clamping force: 150 t Tie bar spacing: 520x520 mm Platen dimensions: 695x695 mm Ejector: electric Clamping system: toggle Control system: SELOGICA - touchscreen Additional equipment: Hybrid machine: high-speed, energy-efficient, and very quiet Control with air valve Core pull control Hot runner control x 12 Injection unit hardened – bimetal Main motor: Servo motor with inverter – energy saving Injection unit driven by servo motor controlled by inverter Machine equipped with cylinder / battery with compressed nitrogen (additional charge for fast operation) Central lubrication Automatic mould height adjustment Kistler sensor – mould pressure control The injection moulding machine was operated in a so-called "cleaning room", and is equipped with additional protective devices against contamination as well as two fume absorbers Arburg Multilift H side-entry robot Year of manufacture: 2012 5-axis robot: Z axis servo-driven (electric); X, Y, and B axes (rotation) pneumatic Safety package for robot Robot with adapter, conveyor belt with electric height adjustment, protective enclosure Purchase of the robot and conveyor belt for an additional charge Dimensions: Weight: 6,820 kg Length/Width/Height: 5.03x1.56x2.21 m All machines offered are started up by our service technicians prior to sale. It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests of the selected machine or to participate in live technical tests at our company in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: bekas, dehu Dwodpfx Aaow Rktbjtjb

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2011, jam operasional: 55.806 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, gaya penjepit: 1.500 kN, diameter sekrup: 45 mm, panjang total: 4.700 mm, lebar total: 1.700 mm, tinggi total: 2.000 mm, berat keseluruhan: 4.850 kg, For sale: Injection moulding machine by Arburg, model 470 C 1500-400. The offer includes an Arburg handling system, type Multi Select, X/Y/Z axis 600/600/1400 mm. The machine is in excellent condition and ready for immediate use. Technical Details: Dwodpfx Aaow E Itietob Year of manufacture: 2011 Clamping force: 1,500 kN Tie bar spacing: 470 x 470 mm Platen size: 650 x 650 mm Operating hours (pump): 55,806 h Injection unit: Ø 45 / SP 400 Injection volume: approx. 254 cm³ Shot weight: approx. 232 g Injection pressure: up to 1,580 bar Dimensions (LxWxH): approx. 4700 x 1700 x 2000 mm Weight: 4,850 kg Transport and loading can be arranged across Europe at an additional cost if required. Prices plus VAT. Viewing possible by appointment. Please contact us; our team is happy to assist you. Trade-in or exchange possible! Machinery Purchase / Sale PURCHASE / SALE OF PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES AND MORE. Do you need a high-quality yet affordable metalworking machine for your production? Or do you want to sell your existing equipment? For further information or contact options, please visit our website.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2016, Arburg 570S 2200-290/100/100 / Production Line with Wittmann W823 Robot / Operating Hours: 20,499 h in Automatic Mode Year of manufacture: 2016 Injection Unit: Screw diameter: 35 mm Shot weight: 132 g Injection pressure: 2,000 bar Dosage volume: 144 ccm Clamping Unit: Clamping force: 220 t Tie bar distance: 570x570 mm Platen size: 795x795 mm Ejector: hydraulic Clamping unit: hydraulic Control: SELOGICA – touchscreen Additional equipment: 3-component high-speed injection moulding machine Very good technical condition Operating hours: 20,499 h in automatic mode Euromap 67 Robot interface Air valve x 6 Hydraulic core pull (needle type), controlled by proportional valve x 4 Hot runner control Hardened bi-metallic injection unit Proportional valve on injection unit – precise injection Machine with two accumulators / battery with compressed nitrogen (additional charge for fast operations) Parallel movements Screw diameter in vertical injection unit: ⌀25 mm – 45 g/PS Screw diameter in side injection unit: ⌀25 mm – 45 g/PS Robot Wittmann W823 Year of manufacture: 2015 5-axis robot: 3 axes powered by servo motors (electric); axis C and A-movement Axis travel: X-550, Y-1400 (telescopic), Z-3500 Touchscreen control panel Robot safety package Robot with adapter, conveyor belt, and safety enclosure Purchase of robot and conveyor belt at extra charge Dimensions: Weight: 10,830 kg Length/Width/Height: 5.53 x 1.77 x 3.29 m All machines offered are started up by our service technicians prior to sale. Dwodpfxszy I Rnj Aatjb It is possible to receive a video of the technical tests of the selected machine or to participate in live technical tests at our facility in Łódź. Price: On request

Kondisi: perlu perbaikan (bekas), Fungsionalitas: tidak berfungsi, gaya penjepit: 1.600 kN, diameter sekrup: 50 mm, jarak antara tiang: 470 mm, For sale is an injection moulding machine by Arburg, model 470 C 1600-800. The pump and a circuit board have been removed from the machine, therefore it is being sold as defective. Otherwise, the machine is in very good condition. Technical data: - Pump hours: 61,400 - Clamping force: 1,600 kN - Tie bar spacing: 470 x 470 mm - Ejector stroke: 225 mm Dwedev Edriopfx Aatsb - Screw diameter: 50 mm - Shot volume: 398 cm³ - Dimensions: 4,335 x 1,635 x 1,950 mm - Weight: 6,950 kg The machine is offered without any peripherals. Transport and loading can be organised throughout Europe at additional cost, if required. All prices are subject to VAT. Viewing is possible by appointment. Please contact us – our team will be pleased to assist you. Trade-in or exchange possible! Machinery Purchase / Sale PURCHASE / SALE OF PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES AND MORE. Are you looking for a high-quality yet affordable metalworking machine for your production? Or do you want to sell yours? For further information or contact options, please visit our website.

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2020, jam operasional: 2.000 h, nomor mesin/kendaraan: LC665, Spesifikasi Teknis & Data Kinerja Lini pengisian dan penutupan karton aseptik Tetra Pak A3/Compact Flex ini dikonfigurasi untuk pengemasan Prisma Edge dalam format 250 ml. Lini ini menggabungkan peralatan pengisian karton, aplikasi tutup, dan penanganan Helix untuk produksi minuman yang ringkas dan operasi pengemasan industri. Peralatan yang tersedia dirancang berdasarkan platform pengisian Tetra Pak dan sistem penutup Cap30 DreamCap. Produsen: Tetra Pak Model pengisi: A3/Compact Flex Kapasitas produksi maksimum: 9600 BPH Format kemasan: 250 ml Prisma Edge Konfigurasi yang tersedia: pengisi, mesin penutup Cap30, dan peralatan Helix Jam operasi: 2000 Tahun pembuatan mesin: 2020 Sistem Otomatisasi & Kontrol Tingkat Lanjut Peralatan ini mencakup kontrol lini untuk operasi terkoordinasi dari bagian pengisian, aplikasi penutup, dan penanganan yang tersedia. Arsitektur lini yang terkontrol mendukung aliran produk yang konsisten melalui proses pengisian dan penutupan, sekaligus memungkinkan modul individual beroperasi sebagai sistem pengemasan terpadu. Konfigurasi yang tercantum mencakup komponen Pengisi, LC40, ACHX30, dan Cap30. Kemampuan Integrasi Lini Produksi Peralatan ini cocok untuk diintegrasikan ke dalam lini pengemasan karton aseptik. Bagian pengisi, mesin penutup, dan Helix yang tersedia dapat diposisikan dengan peralatan persiapan produk hulu yang kompatibel dan mesin penanganan, akumulasi, pengkodean, dan pengemasan sekunder hilir. Konfigurasi format Prisma Edge-nya menjadikannya relevan untuk aplikasi produksi minuman yang membutuhkan kemasan karton 250 ml. Jenis Mesin Produsen / Model Tahun Pembuatan Mesin Pengisi Tetra Pak A3/Compact Flex Djdpszucgmjfx Aatjwb 2020 Mesin Penutup Tetra Pak Cap30 DreamCap 2020 Berbagai Peralatan Tetra Pak Helix 2020 Kondisi Mesin & Riwayat Perawatan Lini ini dilaporkan dalam kondisi berfungsi, dengan 2000 jam operasi. Ketersediaan yang disebutkan dibatasi hanya untuk pengisi, mesin penutup, dan peralatan Helix. Kondisi ini memberikan dasar praktis bagi pembeli yang merencanakan pemasangan pengemasan aseptik bekas, perluasan lini, atau proyek penggantian dalam lingkungan pengemasan industri yang ada. Kinerja Operasional & Fleksibilitas Platform A3/Compact Flex dirancang untuk pengisian karton dan aplikasi penutup dengan output tinggi. Sistem Cap30 DreamCap dipadukan dengan format karton yang tercantum, mendukung urutan pengisian dan penutupan yang konsisten untuk kemasan Prisma Edge. Dengan output maksimum yang disebutkan sebesar 9600 BPH, peralatan ini dapat mendukung produksi minuman terstruktur di mana format karton ritel yang ringkas diperlukan. Persyaratan Pemasangan & Persiapan Lokasi Pemasangan harus direncanakan sebagai bagian dari tata letak pengemasan karton aseptik yang lengkap, dengan pasokan produk yang sesuai, koneksi utilitas, antarmuka proses higienis, dan penanganan kemasan hilir. Persiapan lokasi harus memungkinkan akses untuk operasi, pembersihan, perawatan, dan penanganan material khusus format. Kontrol lini dan sistem konveyor yang kompatibel harus dievaluasi saat mengintegrasikan modul yang tersedia ke dalam lini pembotolan bekas atau pengemasan industri yang lebih luas.