Beli Elcon Gergaji Panel bekas (18.541)

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2001, nomor mesin/kendaraan: AE/22614, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 4.500 mm, panjang total: 5.000 mm, lebar total: 7.000 mm, tinggi total: 2.350 mm, panjang pemotongan (maks.): 3.200 mm, MESIN POTONG PANEL OTOMATIS SCM MOD. SIGMA N 65 - SESUAI STANDAR CE - Dimensi pemotongan: 4500x3200 mm - Tinggi keluar mata pisau: 65 mm - 6 penjepit - Kecepatan gerak carriage pisau: 12 m/menit - Diameter mata pisau utama: 300 mm - poros diameter 80 mm - Diameter mata scoring: 160 mm - poros diameter 55 mm - Motor pisau utama: 5,5 kW - Dimensi mesin: 7000x5000x2350 mm Pgjdpfx Adex Rvazjcju - No. seri: AE/22614 - Tahun: 2001 - Dilengkapi dengan manual dan deklarasi CE

Tahun pembuatan: 1998, Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Panel saw for plexiglass and wood panels with extraction unit Very good condition! Maximum cutting height: 2200 mm Maximum cutting length: 4200 mm Maximum cutting thickness: 60 mm Length: 5600 mm Pgsdpfx Aoinunqodceu Depth: 1400 mm Height: 2900 mm Weight: 850 kg

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 8109, Fungsionalitas: belum diuji, daya: 3,5 kW (4,76 hp), tegangan masuk: 400 V, ketinggian potong (maks.): 4.100 mm, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 2.200 mm, kecepatan rotasi (maks.): 5.800 rpm, panjang total: 5.000 mm, lebar total: 1.150 mm, tinggi total: 2.980 mm, berat keseluruhan: 675 kg, Layar digital untuk pemotongan horizontal dan vertikal, unit pemotongan awal, rak bilah yang secara otomatis menyesuaikan diri, rol pengangkut pelat, penopang untuk komponen-komponen kecil yang berkelanjutan, penghenti strip. Kondisi dapat dilihat pada laporan terlampir. Podpfx Aszvngbjdcogu

Kondisi: bekas, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 008113, Lebar maksimum panel: 3800 mm Panjang maksimum panel: 3800 mm Maks. keluaran bilah gergaji utama: 75 mm Pgodjw Iddhspfx Adcsu Jumlah chuck penjepit: 8

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1997, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, fr-to-en-001 Pedpfx Adeydpx Ajcogu

Kondisi: bekas, panjang total: 4.310 mm, lebar total: 1.200 mm, tinggi total: 2.450 mm, Tahun pembuatan: 2005 Warna: Abu-abu Berat: 485 kg - Tahun pembuatan: 2005 - Dokumentasi tersedia: Tidak - Terdapat tanda CE: Ya - Terdapat sertifikat CE: Tidak - Nomor seri: 25005630 - Tinggi pemotongan maksimum horizontal [mm]: 1550 - Lebar pemotongan maksimum [mm]: 3300 - Kedalaman pemotongan maksimum [mm]: 55 - Diameter minimum mata gergaji [mm]: 250 - Diameter maksimum mata gergaji [mm]: 250 - Diameter lubang poros mata gergaji [mm]: 30 - Pemotongan horizontal: Ya - Pemotongan vertikal: Ya - Tegangan [V]: 400 - Konsumsi arus [A]: 6,6 - Sekering [A]: 16 - Daya [kW]: 3,0 - Dimensi pengiriman: 4310mm x 1200mm x 2450mm (p x l x t) - Berat pengiriman [kg]: 485kg - Paket pengiriman [unit]: 1 Pedpfxozh Ikqs Adcogu Informasi keuangan PPN: Harga yang tertera belum termasuk PPN PPN/Pajak atas perbedaan: PPN dapat dikurangkan untuk pengusaha Pengiriman dan penerimaan barang bekas selalu memungkinkan untuk semua produk dari sektor industri Yorick Diebels

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1999, Cutting length: 3,200 mm Cutting width: 3,200 mm Cutting height: 65 mm Maximum saw blade diameter: 300 mm Main saw motor: 5.5 kW Maximum scoring saw blade diameter: 160 mm Scoring unit motor power: 1.5 kW Podpfjhvan Iox Adcjgu Air cushion tables: 3 pcs. — 1 x 2,500 x 500 & 2 x 1,500 x 500 mm Office version for optimizing panel layouts Clamping grippers: 8 pcs Saw carriage height adjustment with THK guides Pressure beam with slotted passages Side aligner Pneumatic quick-change system for saw blade Extraction port diameter: 1 x 120 mm & 1 x 150 mm Setup dimensions (L x W): 5,700 x 6,000 mm Weight: approx. 2,500 kg INVERTER NEW Note – Used Machines: • Technical information may be subject to error and prior sale. • Listed prices are ex-location and include free loading. • The machine has been cleaned and functionally tested. • All machines are sold as seen, without any claim to warranty. Buyers are welcome to inspect the machine at its location. • Special agreements are only valid in written form. (We will only respond to inquiries that include your address and telephone number!)

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2023, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 7,35 kW (9,99 hp), tegangan masuk: 400 V, frekuensi input: 50 Hz, ketinggian potong (maks.): 105 mm, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 1.300 mm, diameter mata gergaji: 350 mm, kecepatan rotasi (maks.): 4.000 rpm, panjang total: 4.300 mm, berat keseluruhan: 1.300 kg, panjang pemotongan (maks.): 3.200 mm, rentang pivot: 45 °, The Concept 350 combines the advantages of various saw systems: the flexibility of a panel saw, the cutting quality of a pressure beam saw, and the ergonomics of a crosscut saw. This is the sawing concept for modern industrial production. This machine is a returned leasing unit. Further technical details: - Motorized rip fence with 4 synchronously operating aluminium stops - Screen control with 8" touchscreen - Air requirement: 6 bar - Sliding table: 1,000 x 400 mm (extension table) - Outrigger table size: 3,200 mm with 2 digital fence jaws - Extraction port: 1 x 100 mm, 1 x 120 mm - Feed speed: 0 - 40 m/min Special equipment: - Programmable saw blade height adjustment - Mitre fence +/-50° - Cutting line laser - Additional support table 800 x 200 mm With the new Concept 350, you no longer need a conventional panel saw! The workpiece rests on the machine table and is precisely positioned by a pressure beam. The saw unit, tiltable from 90-45°, is guided with precision and cuts your workpiece at a constant feed rate of 0-40 m/min. This guarantees the best cutting results. The standard crosscut fence allows for quick sizing and efficient work – with significant space savings compared to any conventional panel saw! Advantages over a panel saw with sliding table: - Requires significantly less space - Pressure beam secures the workpiece on the machine and guarantees optimal cutting results - Pressure beam prevents the operator from coming into contact with the saw blade Pedpfswzuipsx Adcsgu - Ergonomic operation as the operator no longer has to push the material through the blade - Time savings, as the operator does not need to guide the material during the sawing process Includes delivery and installation within postal codes 71, 72, 73, 77, 78, 79, 86, 87, 88, 89

Tahun pembuatan: 1991, Kondisi: baik (bekas), Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Technical Data Cutting height: 1310 mm Pedpfx Adov Tzqfjcegu Throat depth: 1560 mm Cutting length: 6000 mm Saw motor power: 7.5 kW Table capacity: 80 tonnes

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2015, nomor mesin/kendaraan: AE/034421, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, ketinggian potong (maks.): 67 mm, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 2.200 mm, diameter mata gergaji: 320 mm, panjang pemotongan (maks.): 4.150 mm, kecepatan spindel (maks.): 5.000 rpm, RINCIAN TEKNIS Panjang pemotongan maks.: 4.150 mm Lebar pemotongan maks.: 2.200 mm Tinggi pemotongan maks.: 67 mm Diameter mata gergaji maks.: 320 mm Diameter lubang mata gergaji: 80 mm Kecepatan putar spindel min.: 1.000 putaran/menit Kecepatan putar spindel maks.: 5.000 putaran/menit RINCIAN MESIN Tegangan: 400 V Konsumsi arus: 21 A Sekering: 32 A Daya: 8,4 kW Daya motor utama: 9,0 kW Berat total: 4.000 kg Paket pengiriman: 4 unit PERALATAN Perangkat lunak Wincut 12.2.9 Dokumentasi Tanda CE Pgodezulxfepfx Adceu Data berikut diambil dari lembar data mesin (lihat gambar terakhir): RINCIAN TEKNIS Unit gergaji Diameter mata gergaji pemotong awal: min. 160 mm / maks. 280 mm Kecepatan putar mata gergaji pemotong awal: min. 1.600 putaran/menit / maks. 7.000 putaran/menit Panjang pemotongan: min. 1.600 mm / maks. 4.500 mm Kecepatan umpan mata gergaji: min. 0 m/menit / maks. 100 m/menit Daya penggerak Daya motor gergaji utama: min. 5,5 kW / maks. 8 kW Daya motor gergaji pemotong awal: min. 0,75 kW / maks. 2,2 kW Daya motor umpan mata gergaji: min. 0,75 kW / maks. 0,75 kW Daya motor umpan/mundur meja: min. 0,55 kW / maks. 0,75 kW Meja Jarak perjalanan meja: maks. 4.600 mm Kecepatan umpan meja: maks. 25 m/menit Kecepatan mundur meja: maks. 70 m/menit

Kondisi: bekas, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 008498, Lebar panel maksimum: 2200 mm Panjang panel maksimum: 3200 mm Diameter maksimum mata gergaji utama: 123 mm Podpfezvv U Hsx Adcsgu Jumlah penjepit, arah memanjang: 4 Jumlah penjepit, arah melintang: 10 Stasiun berputar: ya

Tahun pembuatan: 2003, Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), I am selling a vertical panel saw in upright standing position, equipped with scoring unit, model GMC KGS400E, year of manufacture 2003, in like-new condition. Pgjdehfhcxopfx Adceu Cutting area: 4500 x 2100 mm Motor power: 3 kW Saw unit tiltable 0–90° Main saw blade diameter: 240–250 mm / 5200 rpm With scoring blade: 104–110 x 20 mm / 7000 rpm Manual feed Total weight: 665 kg Condition: as new Immediately available.

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2001, Used machine Pgedpfx Aow Nac Asdcsu Year of manufacture: 2001 Features and technical data: The machine will be completely workshop overhauled! Automatic horizontal and vertical positioning for absolute and chain dimensions Digital display for horizontal cuts PLC control with 2-line display and plain text messages for operation mode and error diagnostics infinitely variable feed speed up to 24 m/min automatic workpiece end detection calculator function in the control panel (for calculating workpiece dimensions) Cutting length: 4300 mm Cutting height: 2200 mm max. trimming height: 2100 mm max. scoring height, vertical: 2100 mm max. cutting depth: 80 mm Motor: 5.5 kW Saw blade speed: 4500 rpm Saw blade diameter: 300 mm Air requirement: 1200 m³/h Air velocity: 20 m/s Static negative pressure: 1200 Pa Extraction connection: 2 x 120 mm Dimensions (L x W x H): 5620 mm (plus extraction connectors) x 1480 mm x 2948 mm Room height: 2990 mm Compressed air connection: 6 bar Air consumption: 50 NL/min Electrical connected load: 5.7 kW with Supercut pre-scoring unit with pneumatically swiveling saw unit with longitudinal fence for lower workpiece support with short, complete folding rail Availability: by arrangement Location: Flörsheim

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2010, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 0-240-06-8502, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 18 kW (24,47 hp), ketinggian potong (maks.): 95 mm, diameter mata gergaji: 380 mm, panjang pemotongan (maks.): 4.300 mm, lebar pelat: 2.200 mm, RINCIAN TEKNIS Panjang pemotongan: 4.300 mm Lebar pelat: 2.200 mm Protrusi mata gergaji: 95 mm Diameter mata gergaji utama: maks. Ø 380 mm Kecepatan penggerak kereta gergaji: hingga 150 m/menit Klem: 7 buah RINCIAN MESIN Daya motor gergaji utama: 18 kW Daya motor gergaji pendahuluan: 2,2 kW Jam operasional: sekitar 38.544 jam (per: 05.10.2023) PERALATAN Sistem pemuatan pelat otomatis dari sisi belakang Sistem pemuatan meja angkat Meja angkat Penggeser program otomatis dengan penggerak klem Unit gergaji utama Unit gergaji pendahuluan Kontrol otomatis untuk panjang pemotongan dan posisi Perangkat pengatur sudut balik Meja penyangga bantalan udara di area operasi Lingkungan operasi dan optimasi CADmatic Printer label PICA 108 Pedpfx Adozx Anxjcjgu Teknik penanganan rol dan transportasi di area pemuatan sisi belakang Pelindung keselamatan dengan sistem pagar pengaman Sambungan penyedot debu dengan saluran penyedot debu di sisi mesin

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2018, Mesin Gergaji Panel Merek: Homag Tipe: Profi HPP300/43/43 Tahun Pembuatan: 2018 Data Teknis Panjang pemotongan 4.300 mm Lebar pemotongan (penggeser program) sekitar 4.250 mm Kecepatan maksimum penggerak gergaji 130 m/menit Kecepatan penggerak gergaji opsional hingga 150 m/menit Proyeksi mata gergaji 80 mm (opsional 95 mm) Diameter maksimum mata gergaji 350 mm Podszuy N Sspfx Adcsgu Motor gergaji utama 11 kW Gergaji pemotong awal dapat disesuaikan secara mekanis Klem 7 buah (model 2 jari) Sistem kontrol CADMATIC 4.1 / 4.5 atau powerTouch Daya total sekitar 18,4 kW Tekanan udara 6 bar Tanda CE Ketebalan paket hingga sekitar 80 mm (standar) Mata gergaji maksimum 350 mm Mata gergaji utama 350-380 mm, tergantung pada perlengkapannya Motor gergaji pemotong awal 1,5-2,2 kW Kapasitas penyedotan debu sekitar 3.350-5.230 m³/jam Pengolahan: panel tunggal dan pemotongan paket Catatan: Data teknis dan deskripsi adalah salinan dari konfirmasi pesanan saat itu. Informasi ini hanya untuk tujuan informasi dan tidak mengikat.

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2002, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, ketinggian potong (maks.): 2.150 mm, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 5.300 mm, panjang total: 5.510 mm, berat keseluruhan: 950 kg, Perlengkapan: Penandaan CE, DETAIL TEKNIS Ketinggian potong maksimum (vertikal): 2.150 mm Ketinggian potong maksimum (horizontal): 2.070 mm Lebar potong maksimum: 5.300 mm Kedalaman potong maksimum: 80 mm Diameter mata gergaji minimum: 300 mm Diameter mata gergaji maksimum: 300 mm DETIL MESIN Tegangan: 400 V Konsumsi arus: 8 A Sekring: 16 A Daya: 4,0 kW Dimensi & Berat Dimensi (P x L x T): 5.510 x 1.720 x 2.920 mm Berat: 950 kg Paket transportasi: 1 Podey Nxwtepfx Adcogu PERLENGKAPAN Penandaan CE Pemotongan horizontal Pemotongan vertikal

Kondisi: bekas, panjang total: 6.660 mm, lebar total: 2.070 mm, tinggi total: 3.010 mm, Tahun pembuatan: 2001 Warna: Putih Berat: 700 kg - Tahun pembuatan: 2001 - Terdapat tanda CE: Ya - Nomor seri: 31 504 - Tinggi pemotongan maksimum secara vertikal [mm]: 2200 Podez D A Nwepfx Adcjgu - Tinggi pemotongan maksimum secara horizontal [mm]: 2100 - Lebar pemotongan maksimum [mm]: 5300 - Kedalaman pemotongan maksimum [mm]: 80 - Diameter mata gergaji minimum [mm]: 300 - Diameter mata gergaji maksimum [mm]: 300 - Lubang poros mata gergaji [mm]: 30 - Pemotongan horizontal: Ya - Pemotongan vertikal: Ya - Tegangan [V]: 400 - Konsumsi arus [A]: 10 - Sekering [A]: 16 - Daya [kW]: 4.4 - Dimensi pengiriman: 6665mm x 2070mm x 3015mm (p x l x t) - Berat pengiriman [kg]: 700 kg - Paket pengiriman [unit]: 1 Informasi keuangan Pajak pertambahan nilai: Harga yang tertera belum termasuk pajak pertambahan nilai. Pajak pertambahan nilai/skema pajak diferensial: Pajak pertambahan nilai dapat dikurangkan untuk pengusaha. Pengiriman dan pembelian kembali dapat dilakukan kapan saja untuk semua produk dari sektor industri. Yorick Diebels

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2003, fr Podpjydimaofx Adcsgu

Kondisi: bekas, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 008514, de4250-beskriv Podpfxjy Edn Aj Adcjgu

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2001, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 13,5 kW (18,35 hp), tegangan masuk: 400 V, frekuensi input: 50 Hz, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, ketinggian potong (maks.): 125 mm, lebar pemotongan (maks.): 3.200 mm, diameter mata gergaji: 450 mm, Perlengkapan: Penandaan CE, doser, We are offering this used Holzma HPP 11/32 panel saw, year of construction 2001. Manufacturer: Holzma Model: HPP 11/32 Year: 2001 The machine is in perfect working condition. Complies with CE safety standards. Pgedpfxoyxqigs Adcou Automatic panel saw for tear-free and precise cutting of coated and uncoated wood-based panels, as well as materials that can be processed similarly to wood-based panels. The rear machine table is equipped with a corresponding number of combination profile rails with rollers for easy and gentle handling of panels. The machine table is covered with large, abrasion-resistant table pads, with cut-outs in the areas of the gripper positions. This ensures the full stability of the machine table and consistent cut quality over time. Saw blade feed direction is from left to right against the squaring fence. Technical data: Main saw motor: 13.5 kW Scoring saw motor: 2.2 kW Maximum gripper opening: 130 mm Saw blade diameter: 450 mm Saw blade projection: 125 mm Saw carriage feed rate (forward): 5 -100 m/min Return feed (constant): 100 m/min Programmed pusher feed speed forward/return max.: 80 m/min Compressed air: 6 bar Operating voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Minimum extraction speed at extraction nozzle: approx. 28 m/sec Extraction connection, chip duct: 1 pc. 200mm Extraction connection, pressure beam: 1 pc. 160mm Minimum operating temperature: +5°C Maximum operating temperature: +35°C Cutting length: 3200 mm Cutting width: 3200 mm Dismantling and collection must be organized by the buyer. Pick-up location: A-8265 Kroisbach an der Feistritz If you have any questions or require further information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2011, Used Horizontal Panel Saw Manufacturer: Holzma Model: PROFI HPL 430/43/22 Year of manufacture: 2011 Cutting length: 4300 mm Cutting width (program pusher travel): 4250 mm Roller rail (2-track element): 9 units Clamping grippers: 7 units, first 3 are 2-finger grippers Air cushion table, width 650 mm: 4 units, each 2160 mm long Central blower: 1 unit with increased blower capacity – 3 angled-lift clamping grippers (2-finger design) – 1 angled-lift clamping gripper (1-finger design) – 1st air cushion table: 800 mm wide Podpfxsymx S Dj Adcsgu – Speed package:-> Saw carriage feed: 1 – 150 m/min Technical data: Saw blade projection: 95 mm Saw carriage feed: forward 25 m/min, reverse constant 90 m/min Automatic cutting height adjustment Angle alignment device, min. pressing width 0 mm; max. pressing width equals full cutting length Main saw motor: 18 kW, frequency-controlled Scoring saw motor: 2.2 kW Operating voltage: 400 V (+10%/-5%) / 50 Hz Electrical connection rating with main saw motor 18kW: 28 kW Power Control CADmatic 4.0 control system with 17" flat display Labeling system with part graphics / labeling software / label printer PICA 104

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1998, Mesin Bekas Tahun Pembuatan: 1998 Peralatan dan Data Teknis: Panjang Pemotongan: 5300 mm Tinggi Pemotongan: 2200 mm Dilengkapi dengan sistem pra-pemotongan Super Cut Termasuk penyangga benda kerja tengah pada 3 bidang Termasuk 2 buah penghenti panjang dengan skala manual Podjz Dyd Eepfx Adcogu Ketersediaan: dalam waktu dekat Lokasi: Flörsheim

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, SCHEER FM 16 Panel Saw System – DNC 3100 x 3100 As-new condition – Machine No. 33542 The SCHEER FM 16 is a high-performance, electronically controlled panel saw featuring state-of-the-art drive technology and an intuitive control system. The machine has been completely overhauled and newly painted – its condition is virtually as-new. Ideally suited for precise, automated cutting of wood-based panels in continuous industrial operation. Key technical data: Cutting length: 3,100 mm Saw depth / blade projection: 80 mm Main saw motor: 7.0 kW Scoring saw motor: 1.1 kW (can be switched on/off) Feed speed: 2 – 40 m/min (infinitely variable) Return: Rapid traverse, automatic lowering Operator interface: SCHEERWIN, graphical, document-oriented (64-bit), running on Windows 10 Drive system: Küenle inverter with Stöber synchronous servo drives incl. absolute encoders – for highest positioning accuracy and dynamic control Features & equipment: Longitudinal panel saw FM 16-3100 with hardened guides and automatic forward/reverse Material feed table HP 5021 with 6 clamp grippers, servo drive & measuring accuracy of 0.05 mm Automatic angle pressure device WP, adjustment range 2,400 mm Off-cut device SP 5000 for minimum off-cuts as small as 5 mm Angle stop table HP 5024 (1,800 x 800 mm), steel angle with Pertinax surface Workpiece support table HP 5025 (1,800 x 800 mm), also with Pertinax surface Air cushion system in the front tables incl. radial fan Pgodpfxeunwk Ts Adcsu Saw blades included: KSB 4005 for main saw (305 mm dia., Z = 60) KSB 4006 for scoring saw (200 mm dia.) Condition & Service: Condition: Factory reconditioned & as-new Functionality: Fully operational Warranty: 12 months Reliability in intensive use: This machine operates reliably worldwide—even under extreme conditions. Whether in Africa’s dry climate or in high humidity environments in Southeast Asia (e.g., Thailand), the SCHEER FM 16 runs flawlessly in 3-shift systems—365 days a year—and impresses with its exceptional precision, stability, and durability. Warranty: We are so confident in the quality and robustness of our machines that we offer a 7-year warranty on the machine frame and guideways. (Excluding electrical supplied parts and consumables.) Flexibility & customization: We offer various models and configurations for every budget. Custom solutions tailored to your individual requirements are also available. 📞 Contact us for a personalized offer or to schedule a viewing. Machine available ex stock. Delivery, commissioning, and training available as options.

Kondisi: bekas, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 008548, Lebar panel maksimum: 4300 mm Podpfxjzvwtwo Adcegu Panjang panel maksimum: 2200 mm Diameter maksimum mata gergaji utama: 145 mm Jumlah klem: 10 penekan fleksibel kedua: ya stasiun berputar: ya

Kondisi: bekas, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 007538, Maximum panel width: 4300 mm Maximum panel length: 4300 mm Maximum projection of main saw blade: 80 mm Pedpfsuwzupjx Adcogu Number of clamps: 8