Beli Pers Spot bekas (21.644)

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1988, tech-specs-press-01 Rcodpevuumpefx Abyob

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1985, press-100t-specs Rcsdpfx Aevuumcobyeb

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1991, druck40t Rcsdpfx Abjvuul Sjysb

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Hydraulic Press TCS - 150T MACH-ID 8821 Manufacturer: TCS Model: 150T Control: Siemens SIMATIC OP7 Year of manufacture: 1999 Table load, sliding table: 20,000 kg Table load, upper table: 9,000 kg Table outfeed stroke: 2,100 mm Column diameter: 180 mm Clamping force: 1,500 kN Opening force: 700 kN Laser-safe, CE certified safety Power rating: 15 kW Specifications Metric US Standard Distance between uprights: 2,000 mm Installation height: 2,000 mm Table dimensions: 1,500 x 2,000 mm Rjdpfx Absulwzmeyocb Ram stroke: 1,800 mm Approach speed: 50 mm/min Working speed: 8 mm/min Return speed: 50 mm/min Table rotation: 0 - 270 rev/min Table rotation: 0 - 180° Dimensions (approximate) Length: 4,800 mm Width: 5,600 mm Height: 5,200 mm Please note: The information on this page has been prepared to the best of our knowledge and, where possible, obtained from the manufacturer. The information is given in good faith, but its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. As such, this does not constitute representation or contractual terms. We recommend verifying all critical details.

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2002, Manufacturer: Millutensil Model: MIL 203 Control: Siemens SIMATIC OP7 Year of manufacture: 2002 Pressure: 0 - 250 bar T-Slot Size: T-22 Opening force: 35 tons Closing force: 150 tons Distance between columns: 2130 mm Table height above floor: 770 mm Upper table rotation: 180 degrees Rcodpfowpkv Isx Abyob Specifications Metric / US Standard Capacity: 30,000 Distance between uprights: 2130 mm Table length: 2,000 mm Table width: 1,500 mm Table height: 1,500 mm Approach speed: 3,900 - 4,800 mm/min Working speed: 480 mm/min Return speed: 2,100 - 3,000 mm/min Dimensions (approximate) Length: 6,150 mm Width: 3,500 mm Height: 4,800 mm Weight: 28,000 kg Please note: The information on this page has been compiled to the best of our knowledge and, where possible, obtained from the manufacturer. The information is provided in good faith, but accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, they do not constitute any representation or contractual terms. We recommend that you verify all important details yourself.

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Manufacturer: Millutensil Model: BV 25 PM Year of manufacture: 1987 Closing force: up to 18,000 kg Opening force: up to 15,000 kg Powered table infeed and outfeed Upper platen rotation: 270° Upper platen size: 900 x 550 mm Rcodpjrr Ui Rsfx Abyob Specifications Metric | US Standard Distance between uprights: 930 mm Installation height: 760 mm Table dimensions: 755 x 755 mm Ram stroke: 600 mm Approach speed: 1,000 mm/min Working speed: 1,000 mm/min Return speed: 1,000 mm/min Table rotation: 360°/min Approximate Dimensions Length: 1,350 mm Width: 1,350 mm Height: 2,000 mm Weight: 1,500 kg

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1970, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 64511, panjang langkah: 500 mm, gaya penekanan: 100 t, Very rarely used try-out press for running in new tooling. Machine operates flawlessly. Pressing force: 100 t Distance table - ram: 500 mm Table size: 1100 x 800 mm Weight: approx. 7 t Dimensions: 2300 x 1100 x 3000 mm (LxWxH) Rcjdem Rgh Topfx Abyeb Hydraulic unit: 1200 x 1200 x 1600 mm (LxWxH) Ex works, loaded free of charge

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2001, Tekanan 100 t Panjang meja 2000 mm Lebar meja 1580 mm Tegangan operasional 400 V Beban maks. meja 10.000 / 20.000 kg Kebutuhan daya total 18 kW Berat mesin sekitar 22 t Kebutuhan ruang sekitar 5,65 x 2,95 x 5,85 m No. pabrik: 03.246.00 Jarak maks. antar kolom (lebar) 1620 mm Tekanan hidrolik dapat diatur 0 - 250 bar Beban maks. meja atas: tanpa / dengan kemiringan 10t / 6t Redsucgqwspfx Abyscb Beban maks. meja bawah 20t

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1987, Pressing force 400 t Table length 2,500 mm Table width 2,000 mm Upright distance 2,000 mm Rodovuumispfx Abyecb Stroke 2,600 mm Distance table/ram, stroke up 2,500 mm Table surface 2,000 x 2,500 mm Table height above floor 1,120 mm Ram surface 2,000 x 2,500 mm Lateral frame passage 1,500 mm Max. load capacity of swing plate 20 t Oil capacity 1,000 l Drive power 48.0 kW Weight 85.0 t Space requirement (WxDxH) 8.6 x 5.3 x 8.2 m with swivelling ram, extendable table, tiltable table, table ejector Disassembled and stored - video from seller available prior to disassembly

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2009, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, translation-1 Rcsdpfx Aberl Irkeyeb

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2005, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Tuschier Press – Manufacturer Reis – TUS 130-100 – 26–100 t Spotting Press – Table 1,600 × 1,300 mm For sale is a spotting press from manufacturer Reis, model TUS 130-100, featuring an adjustable pressing force from 26 to 100 t. The machine features a spacious table area of 1,600 × 1,300 mm, a maximum die height of 1,700 mm, as well as extensive functions such as a tiltable ram plate and integrated ejector, making it ideally suited for spotting, fitting, and tryout operations in tool and mold making. ==== Technical Data & Information: Spotting Press Reis TUS 130-100 – 26–100 t ==== General Information - Manufacturer: Reis Rcodpfsxd Tv Dsx Abyjb - Model: TUS 130-100 - Design: 4-column spotting press - Press force: 26 – 100 t (adjustable) - Machine weight: approx. 17,000 kg - Dimensions (W × D × H): 4,900 × 2,800 × 5,500 mm ==== Working Area - Maximum installation height: 1,700 mm ==== Table & Ram - Table size: 1,600 × 1,300 mm - Max. table load: 12,000 kg - T-slots: DIN 650 – 22 mm ==== Forces - Maximum return force: 45 t ==== Hydraulics - Hydraulic pump: Rexroth SYDFE2x/071R-PPA.. - Motor power: 15 kW - Operating pressure: max. 200 bar - Pressure accuracy: ± 5 bar - Oil tank capacity: approx. 475 l - Hydraulic oil: HLP 36 ==== Electrical - Main supply: 400 V AC - Control voltage: 24 V DC - Frequency: 50 Hz - Main motor connection: 15 kW - Total connected load: approx. 21 kW ==== Control System - Siemens Simatic S7-634 - Operation via control panel - Functions: - Ram up / down - Ram tilting - Table extension - Ejector operation - Press force adjustment ==== Equipment - Ram plate tiltable: 180° (tilted up to 7.5 t) - Ejector integrated in the ram: 5.6 t / 160 mm stroke - Stroke extension: +300 mm - Increased speed ==== Documentation - Hydraulic diagram - Electrical diagram - Technical drawings - Data sheet ===== Spotting work, tool matching, tool tryout, mold making, tool making, tryout processes, adjustment processes Spotting press, tool tryout press, tryout press, adjustment press, tool try-out press, sample press, hydraulic press Are you looking for a hydraulic press tailored to your application? Contact us for a customized offer. Our hydraulic presses are manufactured according to German and European Machinery Directives (Directive 2006/42/EC), EC standards and EU safety regulations. Furthermore, our presses exceed Canadian and European safety requirements as they comply in all aspects with the national Brazilian safety standard NR 12, which builds upon them. Our key strengths are custom machine building and press automation. We offer custom-built hydraulic presses at surprisingly attractive prices. For the hydraulics, we primarily use components from leading European manufacturers.

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1998, For sale is a used spotting press manufactured by Reis, offering an adjustable pressing force of up to 100 tons. This 4-column press features a table size of 1600 × 1300 mm, a maximum open height of 950 mm, and an ejector integrated in the table, making it particularly suitable for spotting, alignment, and tool work in mold and tool construction. ##### Technical Specifications & Information: Spotting Press – REIS TUS 80-100 ####General Information - Designation: Spotting Press - Manufacturer: REIS - Model: TUS 80-100 - Type: 4-column press - Year of manufacture: 1998 - Pressing force: 26–100 t (adjustable) - Max. return force: 45 t - Table size: 1600 x 1300 mm - Max. table load: 5,000 kg - Max. open height: 950 mm - Overall dimensions (WxDxH): approx. 3400 x 4200 x 3700 mm - Total weight: approx. 8,500 kg - T-slots: DIN 650 – 22 mm ####Hydraulics - Hydraulic pump: Rexroth SYDFE11x71RN0030CAM - Motor power: 7.5 kW - Max. working pressure: 200 bar - Pressure accuracy: ±5 bar - Oil tank volume: 215 L - Hydraulic oil: HLP 36 ####Features / Equipment - 180° tiltable ram plate (up to 3 t) - Ejector in table (3.5 t / 130 mm) - Oil supply sockets for core pulls - Digital measuring device - Material feed possible via ram plate (injection molding) - Speed increase ####Control - Operator desk - Control system: Siemens / Pilz - Functions: Rcodpfxjxd Tiqj Abyob - Ram up / down - Ram plate tilting - Table extension - Ejector operation - Press force setting - Core pull / oil sockets operation ####Electrical Connection - Main supply: 400 V AC - Control voltage: 24 V DC - Frequency: 50 Hz - Main motor: 7.5 kW - Total connected load: approx. 10 kW (Spotting press, try-out press, tool adjustment press, toolmaking press, 4-column press, hydraulic press, REIS press, toolmaking spotting press)

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1985, Pressure 200 t Table length 1500 mm Table width 1200 mm Column clearance 1250 mm Stroke 1150 mm Table surface 1200 x 1500 mm Distance table/ram, stroke up 1475 mm Table height above floor 638 mm Ram surface 1200 x 1500 mm Rjdpfx Asvuul Ejbyecb Weight 16.0 t Space requirement (W x L x H) 2.2 x 4.52 x 4.6 m with swivelling ram, extendable and tiltable table, ejector in the table, spraying device in ram, ram locking via rack-and-pinion system

Kondisi: bekas, Pressing force 160 t Passage width / mm Stroke / mm Rcedpfxjiulkqj Abyob Working height 800 mm Total power requirement 15 kW Machine weight approx. 11.8 t - Table size: 1000x1000 mm - Distance table/ram, large stroke top, adjustment top: 800 mm Additional information Extendable table

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1986, Pressing force: 400 kN Table size: 900 x 1,280 mm Ram size: 900 x 1,220 mm Mould weight: max. 7,000 kg Hydraulic motor power: 7.5 kW Stroke: 1,000 mm Other features: - with movable tool table - with tilting table Rodpfx Aothdbnsbyocb Weight: approx. 7,000 kg

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1980, Pressure 40 t Table length 670 mm Table width 570 mm Total power requirement kW Machine weight approx. t Space requirement approx. m Rsdpfet Hxczjx Abyscb

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1980, Pressure: 24 t Table length: 1060 mm Table width: 650 mm Minimum opening: 165 mm Space requirement approx.: 1300 x 700 x 1500 mm Rodpoufufbsfx Abyecb

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Used vibratory finishing machine by PERS, model Vibra-Line B 150 l with buffer tank, combined with PERS dryer Vibra-Dry A 200 l – both demo machines – installed on a platform Technical data / Vibra-Line B 150 l: U-shaped work bowl with automatic unloading Gross capacity: 150 l Usable volume (depending on workpiece geometry and material): 80 l Year of manufacture: 2024 External diameter: 1,170 mm Height: 860 mm Bowl lining: 22 mm, yellow or brown PU Total weight (empty): 320 kg Drive power: 2.2 kW Electrical connection: 3 x 400 V, 16 amps CEE Machine color: RAL 7015/7035 Rcodpfx Aboy A N U Aeyob Control cabinet with touch panel and frequency inverter Buffer tank – 90 l: The compound (soapy water) flows through the filter basket into the buffer tank, from where a submersible pump circulates the water back to the vibratory tumbler. Buffer tank dimensions (LxWxH): 700 x 400 x 460 mm Supplied with 1 submersible pump and 1 filter basket (630 µm) Technical data / Vibra-Dry A 200 l: Corn/grain dryer with automatic unloading – vibratory dryer Year of manufacture: 2024 Volume: 220 l Motor power: 1.5 kW Heating: 3 kW per element (PTI temperature control) Workpiece capacity: up to 65 kg Corn capacity: 25–35 kg Speed: 1,400 rpm Thermal output: 6 x 1.5 kW Length: 1,141 mm Width: 1,200 mm Height: 905 mm Internal bowl dimension: 240 mm Electrical connection: 3 x 400 V, 16 amps CEE Machine color: RAL 7015/7035 Corn granulate temperature: +30 to +50 °C Digital temperature control Pneumatically operated discharge valve Commissioning requires 25 kg of corn kernels, type GM 16 or GM 20

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 20250107, panjang total: 2.000 mm, lebar total: 1.900 mm, tinggi total: 3.050 mm, berat keseluruhan: 1.000 kg, tegangan masuk: 400 V, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, frekuensi input: 50 Hz, kapasitas pemanasan: 24 kW (32,63 hp), masa garansi: 12 bulan, berat muatan maksimum: 700 kg, berat benda kerja (maks.): 700 kg, diameter sangkar: 1.390 mm, Single-stage cleaning machine Operating principle, machine with lift door The cleaning machine’s tank is filled manually with tap water (optionally via the automatic refill valve AR-2) and is heated by heating elements and thermostat settings. The time settings for the phases—washing, dripping (optionally drying and steam extraction)—are adjusted via the "PROCESS TIMER." Rcsdpovvuzcjfx Abysb Parts are placed on the loading grid or loading trolley and pushed into the cleaning chamber. For heavy loads, a conveyor belt (MIU / AIU) can optionally be installed to transport the items into the cleaning cabin. The lift door is closed, the machine started, and the wash pump delivers the cleaning solution onto the objects to be cleaned via the rotating spray systems. The rotation of the upper and lower spray arms is powered by the reaction force of the jet nozzle located at one end of the spray arm. The rotational speed can be adjusted using a screw in the reaction nozzle. Optionally, the rotation of the upper spray arm can be motorized and the spray arms can be fitted with nozzles. After the wash cycle, a brief dripping phase follows, during which the used cleaning solution is returned through filter baskets to the wash tank. Optionally, the fluid from the wash stage can be filtered using a filter unit (EFG-6 or PP197). An additional stage, such as pre-washing or rinsing, is optionally possible via stationary spray pipes NS-2 / NS-TEMP. In this case, parts are rinsed with fresh water (cold or heated), which flows into the drain through the drain valve. After the cleaning process, the parts can optionally be dried using a drying unit. When the cleaning process is complete, the lift door is left ajar for steam extraction. The steam from the cleaning cabin is either extracted using the steam extractor (DF-250S) or can be condensed and returned to the tank using the steam condenser (FX6002). Both accessories are optional and are not part of the machine’s standard equipment. Once the steam extraction time has elapsed, the lift door opens fully and the cleaning cycle is complete. Optionally, the lift door can be equipped with a safety edge, which automatically stops the door if an object is detected in the doorway. The cleaned components can be removed from the cleaning chamber onto a loading surface or loading trolley.

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: PG20240001, tinggi total: 910 mm, berat keseluruhan: 110 kg, panjang total: 830 mm, lebar total: 830 mm, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, berat benda kerja (maks.): 45 kg, kapasitas tangki: 60 l, kapasitas tangki yang dapat digunakan: 15 l, tegangan masuk: 400 V, lebar benda kerja (maks.): 160 mm, tinggi benda kerja (maks.): 160 mm, diameter luar: 160 mm, panjang benda kerja (maks.): 160 mm, tinggi dalam: 245 mm, lebar dalam: 280 mm, daya: 1,1 kW (1,50 hp), frekuensi input: 50 Hz, masa garansi: 12 bulan, berat kosong: 110 kg, kapasitas angkut: 60 kg, Universal vibratory finishing machine suitable for deburring and polishing. Ideal for small parts and batch processing. Vibra-Line B60M rotary vibrator with a 60 L capacity. The machine features a 20 mm thick polyurethane (PU) coating. With its 60-liter capacity, the working tank can accommodate up to 15 liters of workpieces and approximately 45 kg of abrasive media, depending on the version and size of the individual parts. The basic model of the "Vibra-Line B60M" is equipped with a control cabinet featuring a mechanical timer and process time control. Rjdevgagxjpfx Abyecb

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 20241202, tinggi total: 860 mm, berat keseluruhan: 320 kg, panjang total: 1.170 mm, lebar total: 1.170 mm, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, kapasitas tangki: 150 l, kapasitas tangki yang dapat digunakan: 100 l, tegangan masuk: 400 V, lebar benda kerja (maks.): 170 mm, tinggi benda kerja (maks.): 170 mm, diameter luar: 170 mm, panjang benda kerja (maks.): 170 mm, lebar dalam: 260 mm, daya: 2,2 kW (2,99 hp), frekuensi input: 50 Hz, masa garansi: 12 bulan, kapasitas angkut: 60 kg, Perlengkapan: kecepatan rotasi dapat diubah tanpa batas, The Vibra-Line DK rotary vibrator impresses with an open, domed container offering a capacity of 150 liters. Rjdpsviu Ehjfx Abyjcb This model is equipped with a pneumatically operated discharge automation and a sound-insulated lid, ensuring convenient and quiet operation. The U-shaped inner container features a 22 mm thick polyurethane (PU) lining, providing exceptional resistance to process wear. The 150-liter capacity allows for loading approximately 50 to 100 liters of metal parts per batch, depending on their shape and size. The wide drum and low discharge height significantly facilitate unloading of the processed parts. Machine control is managed via a frequency inverter with stepless speed regulation, operated through a 5.5-inch touchscreen. Process times, languages, and speeds can be adjusted quickly and easily here. Additionally, the control system manages two external ports, which can be used for process water and compound dosing. The Vibra-Line 150DK rotary vibrator is delivered as a plug-and-play solution and only requires a 16-amp CEE plug, 4 bar compressed air, and a water connection for commissioning. Our equipment complies with EU machinery/equipment directives and is supplied with a manufacturer’s declaration of conformity and CE marking.

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 20250108, tinggi total: 2.200 mm, berat keseluruhan: 700 kg, panjang total: 1.700 mm, lebar total: 1.300 mm, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, berat benda kerja (maks.): 75 kg, kapasitas tangki: 120 l, kapasitas tangki yang dapat digunakan: 60 l, tegangan masuk: 400 V, kecepatan rotasi (min.): 50 rpm, kecepatan rotasi (maks.): 180 rpm, daya: 4 kW (5,44 hp), arus masuk: 16 A, masa garansi: 12 bulan, Perlengkapan: kecepatan rotasi dapat diubah tanpa batas, The Turbo-Line 120 “S” model features a stainless steel discharge chute, which is mounted directly onto the deburring machine. When the bowl is lowered, chips pass through a screen, while the parts to be deburred remain on top. Redevvu Snopfx Abyocb This Turbo-Line machine is equipped with a 120-liter drum with vertical, straight sides and a separate bottom section which rotates at an adjustable speed, typically between 115 and 135 rpm, but can be set anywhere from 50 to 180 rpm. During operation, the abrasive media inside the bowl create a uniform, spiral motion reminiscent of a twisted sausage. All areas of the machine that come into contact with the product, including the drum and base, are coated with at least 26 mm of yellow polyurethane (PU) to ensure long service life. The 120-liter process container can handle up to 50-60 liters of product per batch, depending on the shape and size of the parts. Deburring parameters such as time and speed are individually set via a manual touchscreen controller. Water and compound are added through a manually adjustable ball valve, which is included in the scope of delivery. Finished products are discharged by tilting the bowl, a process controlled via the touchscreen. The discharge speed is also adjustable on the touchscreen via the frequency inverter.

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 20241204, tinggi total: 905 mm, berat keseluruhan: 550 kg, panjang total: 1.200 mm, lebar total: 1.200 mm, jenis arus masuk: tiga fasa, kapasitas tangki: 220 l, kapasitas tangki yang dapat digunakan: 110 l, tegangan masuk: 400 V, lebar benda kerja (maks.): 200 mm, tinggi benda kerja (maks.): 200 mm, diameter luar: 200 mm, panjang benda kerja (maks.): 200 mm, kecepatan rotasi (min.): 1.400 rpm, lebar dalam: 240 mm, daya: 4,5 kW (6,12 hp), frekuensi input: 50 Hz, masa garansi: 12 bulan, kapasitas angkut: 100 kg, Maize Dryer Vibra-Dry DK 200 WT with Pneumatic Discharge and Steel Base. For sale: High-quality maize/cereal dryer Vibra-Dry DK 200 WT with a working volume of 220 liters. This versatile machine is ideal for drying and polishing with crushed maize granulate, resulting in a flawless and glossy finish. Rcjdpfx Abevi Nhdoyob Key Features: Operating Principle: Moist parts are automatically transported from the rotary vibrator to the dryer via the separation table. Pneumatically Controlled Outlet Valve: Enables automatic discharge after drying. Coating: Interior walls as well as infeed and discharge areas feature a durable 2-component PU coating for reduced wear and noise levels. Temperature Control: Adjustable between 30°C and 50°C via manual control panel, with stepping for 0%, 50%, and 100%. Automatic temperature maintenance by toggling the heating system. Technical Details: Fill with approximately 10-15% crushed maize granulate (25 kg recommended). Commissioning: Maize grains GM 16 or GM 20 must be used. This machine is reliable, robust, and ideal for operations that prioritise quality and efficiency. Enquire now!

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Getaran - mesin penghalus getar dikombinasikan dengan pengering jagung Rcsdpexz N Uqjfx Abyeb

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1981, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 302118, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, gaya penekanan: 100 t, Diameter kawat (maks.): 14 mm, panjang bagian (maks.): 125 mm, kapasitas produksi: 7.200 unit/jam, Tanpa harga minimum - penjualan dijamin kepada penawar tertinggi! Penawaran bersifat mengikat untuk pengambilan tepat waktu antara 23.06.2026 dan 26.06.2026! DETAIL TEKNIS Tekanan tekan maksimum: 1.000 kN Produktivitas/kapasitas: 120 unit/menit Diameter kawat: maks. 14 mm Rjdjy D Nldopfx Abyocb Panjang potongan: 125 mm Jumlah tahap: 4 Jumlah matriks: 4 DETAIL MESIN Dimensi & Berat Dimensi (P x L x T): 6.000 x 3.000 x 2.200 mm Berat mesin: 12.000 kg Referensi eksternal: 35