Beli Wacker Et20 Vds Powertilt 3 X Löffel bekas (96.702)

Kondisi: bekas, Inductive sensor, electronic sensor, safety switch, inductive proximity switch, proximity sensor, NAMUR sensor - Inductive sensor: Proximity switch - Type: unfortunately no type designation - Sensor cable: RSMV 3-224 - Quantity: 46 sensors available - Price: per piece - Dimensions: Ø 45 x 25 mm - Weight: 0.1 kg/each. Iodpfx Asuxg Ikjfieia

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2001, en-GB_01 Iodpfexzuwkjx Afieia

Kondisi: bekas,

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), 08053bb8-2b5b-4611-8258-75117530e801 Iedox Nnx Hepfx Afieia

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Danaher Motion KT4030-10 konverter frekuensi tinggi SN: K4030-24003-2 - INPUT 3 x 230-480V / 32 A / 50-60Hz, bekas, kondisi terawat baik, 100% berfungsi, pengiriman sesuai foto Ijdjx Eq Ezepfx Afisia

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), 3-axis (X-Y-Z) CNC-controlled "FLEXIBLE" MACHINING CENTER Moving plate (workpiece), stationary working head – horizontal plate (workpiece) PowerControl control unit (woodWOP software) Iisdpfelkdpmox Afiea Safety enclosure for the working head No. 2 safety interlock workpiece clamping jaws within the working area WEEKE pre-positioning unit – for faster positioning of workpieces in machines with clamping grippers. Support table (workpiece support) at infeed – outfeed table (with conveyor belt) With automatic panel pusher Minimum workpiece dimensions (X-Y-Z): 200 x 70 x 8 mm (2 x 4 mm) Maximum workpiece dimensions (X-Y-Z): 2500 x 1000 (optional 1300) x 80 mm (2 x 40 mm) Two workpieces can be machined simultaneously (in the Z-axis) With separate electrical and control cabinet WORKING UNITS (TOP): 2V32, 2H8X/Y2, N2 X-Y90, F2-ETP-6 KW No. 23 independent vertical drilling spindles (drilling head output 2.3 kW) No. 5 independent horizontal drilling spindles (4 in X + 1 in Y) No. 1 grooving saw unit (swivels 90° in X-Y direction), diameter 125 mm No. 1 vertical main spindle (milling unit) ETP (vertical main spindle power 6 kW) WORKING UNITS (BOTTOM): No. 23 independent vertical drilling spindles (drilling head output 2.3 kW) No. 5 independent horizontal drilling spindles (4 in X + 1 in Y) No. 1 grooving saw unit (swivels 90° in X-Y direction), diameter 125 mm No. 1 vertical main spindle (milling unit) ETP (vertical main spindle power 6 kW)

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), 3-axis (X-Y-Z) CNC MACHINING CENTER Movable table (workpiece), movable working head – Vertical table (workpiece) Control: TPA – Software: Albatros Safety enclosure for working head Workpiece drive with transport chain Rubber rollers to secure workpiece during feed and operation Infeed table (with conveyor belt) – Outfeed table (with conveyor belt) With workpiece return system to operator (180°) Minimum working area (X - Y - Z) mm: 260 x 40 x 10 (approx.) Maximum working area (X - Y - Z) mm: infinite x 1300 x 80 (approx.) Separate electrical and control cabinets Total connected load (kW): 35 WORKING UNITS: Drilling unit with vertical spindles (qty.): 1 Independent vertical drilling spindles (qty.): 24 (7 in X + 17 in Y) Iedpfxeihfiis Afijia Drilling unit with horizontal spindles (qty.): 2 Independent horizontal drilling spindles (qty.): 36 (9+9 = 18 x 2) Motor power for drilling head (kW): 3 x 3 (approx.) Vertical main spindle (milling unit) qty.: 1 Power of vertical main spindle (kW): 7.5 (approx.) Automatic tool changer – Carousel magazine, 10 tool positions

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1990, de6d15a6-36a5-495c-9851-ca979a58eb16 Iiodpfx Aspbwapefiea

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, panjang langkah: 300 mm, kecepatan operasi: 10 mm/dtk, kecepatan mundur: 90 mm/dtk, tinggi meja: 900 mm, produsen pengendali: ESA, model controller: ESA S830, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, gaya tekuk (maks.): 160 t, jarak antara penyangga: 3.345 mm, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, jumlah sumbu: 4, jenis aktuasi: listrik, Bending Capacity: 3100 mm / 160 Tons (E160 Model) STANDARD FEATURES - CNC-controlled belt-driven servo press brake - Y1 – Y2 – X – R axes CNC controlled (4 axes) - CNC control unit (ESA S830 – 10” touchscreen, 2D graphic display) - Automatic bending calculation and collision prevention functions - High-precision synchronized servo drive system - Belt-driven upper beam movement system, oil-free and low-maintenance - Spring-loaded upper beam structure supporting energy recovery - O-Type rigid frame design (minimal deformation) - 300 mm stroke - 410 mm throat depth - Servo-driven backgauge system (X + R axes) - Backgauge positioning accuracy: ±0.03 mm - Backgauge travel distances: - X axis: 750 mm - R axis: 250 mm - Hardened ball screws and linear guides - 2 units of 3-stage backgauge fingers - European type upper tool holder – quick clamping (Promecam type) - European type narrow lower die table - Standard upper punch (H: 67 mm – 85° – R: 0.8 mm) - Standard lower die (60×60 mm – 4 V: 16 / 22 / 35 / 50 mm – 85° – H: 60 mm) - Highly precise optical linear scales - LED workspace lighting - Sliding-type front support arms - Dual foot pedals - Emergency stop buttons - CE-compliant safety equipment OPTIONAL FEATURES - Additional backgauge axes (Z1 – Z2 – X5) - Backgauge travel distance extendable to 1000 mm - Motorized crowning system - Hydraulic upper and lower tool clamping systems - Front safety laser system (AKAS or DSP type) - Rear safety light barrier - CNC-controlled sheet support arms - Laser bending line - Laser angle measurement system - Automatic angle measuring systems - Air-conditioned electrical panel cooling system - Additional backgauge fingers - Custom tool and table solutions Iedpfjx Nquwox Afioia TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (E160 / 3100 MODEL) - Bending force: 160 tons - Bending length: 3100 mm - Distance between side frames: 3345 mm - Stroke: 300 mm - Throat depth: O-Type frame - Clearance between upper and lower dies: 515 mm - Table height: 900 mm Speeds: - Approach speed: 90 mm/s - Bending speed: 10 mm/s (CE standard) - Return speed: 90 mm/s Backgauge: - X axis travel: 750 mm - R axis travel: 250 mm - X axis speed: 400 mm/s - R axis speed: 100 mm/s - Z axis speed: 600 mm/s General: - Main motor power: 2 × 7.5 kW - Machine weight: ~9,500 kg - Machine dimensions (L×W×H): approx. 4600 × 2100 × 2700 mm

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, jenis aktuasi: hidrolik, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, sudut pemotongan (min.): 0,5 °, sudut pemotongan (maks.): 2 °, laju langkah (min.): 15 rpm, ketebalan lembaran (maks.): 6 mm, ketebalan pelat baja (maks.): 6 mm, STANDARD FEATURES CNC-controlled, angle-adjustable hydraulic guillotine shear CNC-controlled blade gap adjustment, stroke and cutting angle adjustment Touchscreen CNC control unit (ELGO P40T) Automatic cutting angle adjustment according to material type and thickness Automatic stroke reduction for short sheet cutting (higher speed) CNC software infrastructure to reduce user errors Stress-relieved, heavy-duty steel construction body Hardened guides and roller-type upper table movement system 1,000 mm CNC-controlled, motorized, and programmable backgauge Iiodpfx Ajx Nqp Isfija At the backgauge: Programmable retract function Rising feature for long workpieces ±0.1 mm positioning accuracy Ball screw front sheet feeder table Upper blade: 2 cutting edges / Lower blade: 4 cutting edges High alloy steel blades Special hinge system to reduce maintenance needs Front support arms with ruler, T-slot, and stopper (1,000 mm) Cutting line lighting and shadow wire Front finger guard sheet (openable type) Front and side safety guards Foot pedal Movable control lever Emergency stop buttons CE-compliant safety equipment OPTIONAL FEATURES Rear pneumatic sheet support system – Type 1 Rear pneumatic sheet support system – Type 2 (with front feed feature) Angle-adjustable front squaring arm (0–180°) Front support arms in desired length Full-length openable front finger guard cover Front finger safety light curtain Rear safety light barrier (CE compliant) Special blade options Laser cutting line Oil heater or oil cooler Automatic or manual centralized lubrication system Electrical cabinet with air conditioning cooling system CNC-controlled front sheet support and feed arms Special throat depth (500 mm) Light-duty safety guards TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (C 06 / 3100 MODEL) Cutting capacity (450 N/mm²): 6 mm Cutting capacity (700 N/mm²): 4 mm Cutting length: 3,100 mm Cutting angle: 0.5° – 2° (CNC controlled) Cutting stroke: Automatically adjustable Throat depth: 250 mm Backgauge travel distance (X axis): 1,000 mm Cutting speed: 10 – 15 strokes/min Motor power: 10 kW Oil tank capacity: 200 liters Machine weight: ~6.7 tons Machine dimensions (LxWxH): approx. 4,830 x 2,995 x 1,975 mm

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, jenis aktuasi: hidrolik, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, sudut pemotongan (min.): 0,5 °, sudut pemotongan (maks.): 3 °, laju langkah (min.): 13 rpm, ketebalan lembaran (maks.): 10 mm, ketebalan pelat baja (maks.): 10 mm, Standard Features • ELGO P40T Touch NC Control Unit • Rexroth / Hoerbiger hydraulic system • Automatic CNC-controlled blade gap, stroke, and blade angle adjustment • 1,000 mm NC controlled, programmable, motorized backgauge • 250 mm throat depth • Programmable backgauge retraction movement • Backgauge lift-up function for parts longer than 1,000 mm • Adjustable cutting length from the control panel for increased cycle rates during short cuts • Ball transfer sheet support table • 2 cutting edges on upper blade / 4 cutting edges on lower blade • Special joint system reducing maintenance requirements • 1,000 mm front support arms with ruler, T-slot, and stopper • Front and side safety guards • Cutting line illumination and shadow wire • 1,000 mm openable front finger safety guard • Foot pedal • Movable control arm and safety cabinet • Emergency stop buttons Optional Features • Rear pneumatic sheet support system (Type 1) • Rear pneumatic sheet support system with front feeding (Type 2) • Adjustable angle gauge 0-180º • Front support arms in custom lengths • Special 500 mm throat depth • Full-length openable front finger safety cover • Front finger safety light curtain • Special blades • Laser cutting line • Oil heater or cooler • Automatic or manual central lubrication • Electrical cabinet with climate control • CNC front support sheet feed arms • CE-compliant rear light barrier • Lightweight safety guards TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION VALUE Iodpfjx Npddsx Afijia Cutting Capacity (450 N/mm²) 10 mm Cutting Capacity (700 N/mm²) 6 mm Cutting Length 3100 mm Cutting Angle 0.5 – 3° Cutting Speed / High Speed Mode 7 / 13 cpm (cycles per minute) Throat Depth 250 mm Backgauge Travel (X) 1000 mm Table Length 3600 mm Table Width 880 mm Motor Power 22 kW Weight 10.5 Ton

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, daya: 15 kW (20,39 hp), panjang langkah: 310 mm, kecepatan operasi: 10 mm/dtk, kecepatan mundur: 130 mm/dtk, tinggi meja: 935 mm, kedalaman tenggorokan: 410 mm, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, gaya tekuk (maks.): 175 t, jarak antara penyangga: 2.600 mm, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, penyesuaian pengukur belakang: dikendalikan CNC, jumlah sumbu: 4, jenis mahkota: digerakkan oleh motor, jenis aktuasi: hidrolik, Standard Features • Y1, Y2, X, R 4-axis CNC (X+R Servo) • 410 mm stroke, 510 mm throat depth • ESA S650 CNC Control Unit • Servo-driven back gauge with ±0.03 mm accuracy, X=750 mm, R=250 mm • European type Promekam fast tool clamping system • Sliding front support arms • Manual crowning system (Original WILA cam type) • Narrow lower table (European type) • GIVI brand linear scales • Standard upper tool (H: 67, 850 R:08) • Standard lower tool (60x60 mm, 4-groove V=16-22-35-50 mm, 850 H:60) • LED lighting Optional Features • Back gauge options from X+R up to 4-6-8 axes • ROLLERI Roll200 hydraulic tool clamping • WILA hydraulic upper and lower tool clamping • Wide lower table for multi-groove tooling • Back gauge X travel up to 1000 mm • AKAS or DSP laser front safety system • Additional back gauge fingers • Additional back gauge brackets TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION VALUE Bending Force (Tons) 175 Bending Length (mm) 3100 Distance Between Frames (mm) 2600 Stroke (mm) 310 Daylight Opening (mm) 515 Throat Depth (mm) 410 Table Height (mm) 935 Approach Speed (mm/s) 180 Return Speed (mm/s) 130 Iiodex Nn U Ujpfx Afija Press Speed (mm/s) 10 Oil Tank (L) 180 Machine Weight (kg) 9700 Main Motor (kW) 15 CNC Control Unit ESA S640 Number of CNC Axes Y1-Y2-X-R (4 axes) Back Gauge X (mm) 750 Back Gauge R (mm) 250 Crowning Manual (WILA cam type) Safety System Laser front safety Origin Turkey

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, daya: 11 kW (14,96 hp), panjang langkah: 310 mm, kecepatan operasi: 10 mm/dtk, kecepatan mundur: 130 mm/dtk, tinggi meja: 935 mm, kedalaman tenggorokan: 410 mm, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, gaya tekuk (maks.): 135 t, jarak antara penyangga: 2.600 mm, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, penyesuaian pengukur belakang: dikendalikan CNC, jumlah sumbu: 4, jenis mahkota: digerakkan oleh motor, jenis aktuasi: hidrolik, Standard Features • Y1, Y2, X, R 4-Axis CNC (X+R Servo) • 410 mm Stroke, 510 mm Throat Depth • ESA S650 CNC Control Unit • Servo-driven backgauge with ±0.03 mm precision, X=750 mm, R=250 mm • European-type Promekam quick die clamping system • Sliding front support arms • Manual crowning system (Original WILA wedge type) • Narrow lower table (European type) • GIVI linear scales • Standard upper tool (H:67, 850 R:08) • Standard lower tool (60x60 mm, 4-groove V=16-22-35-50 mm, 850 H:60) • LED lighting Optional Features • Backgauge axis configuration options starting from X+R up to 4-6-8 axes • ROLLERI Roll200 hydraulic die clamping • WILA hydraulic upper and lower die clamping • Expanded lower table for multi-groove tooling • Backgauge X travel 1000 mm • AKAS or DSP laser beam front safety system • Additional backgauge fingers • Additional backgauge stops TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION VALUE Bending Force (ton) 135 Bending Length (mm) 3100 Distance Between Side Frames (mm) 2600 Stroke (mm) 310 Open Height (mm, Daylight) 515 Throat Depth (mm) 410 Table Height (mm) 935 Approach Speed (mm/s) 210 Return Speed (mm/s) 130 Pressing Speed (mm/s) 10 Oil Tank Capacity (L) 180 Machine Weight (kg) 8350 Main Motor (kW) 11 CNC Control Unit ESA S640 CNC Axis Count Y1-Y2-X-R (4 Axes) Backgauge X (mm) 750 Iijdpfjx Nn N Esx Afioa Backgauge R (mm) 250 Crowning Manual (WILA wedge type) Safety System Laser front safety Country of Origin Turkey

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, daya: 22 kW (29,91 hp), panjang langkah: 310 mm, kecepatan operasi: 10 mm/dtk, kecepatan mundur: 110 mm/dtk, tinggi meja: 955 mm, kedalaman tenggorokan: 410 mm, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, gaya tekuk (maks.): 320 t, jarak antara penyangga: 2.600 mm, jenis kontrol: Kontrol CNC, penyesuaian pengukur belakang: dikendalikan CNC, jumlah sumbu: 4, jenis mahkota: digerakkan oleh motor, jenis aktuasi: hidrolik, Standard Features • Y1, Y2, X, R 4-Axis CNC (X+R Servo) • 410 mm stroke, 510 mm throat depth • ESA S650 CNC control unit • Servo-driven back gauge with ±0.03 mm precision, X=750 mm, R=250 mm • European type Promecam quick tool clamping system • Sliding front support system • Manual crowning system (Original WILA wedge) • Narrow lower table (European type) • GIVI brand linear scales • Standard upper tool (H: 67, 850 R:08) • Standard lower tool (60x60 mm, 4-way V=16-22-35-50 mm, 850 H:60) • LED lighting Optional Features • Rear gauge expansion from X+R to 4-6-8 axis options Ijdpfx Afox Nn Eaeioia • ROLLERI Roll200 hydraulic tool clamping • WILA hydraulic upper and lower tool clamping • Wide lower table for multi-channel die • Rear gauge X-axis up to 1000 mm • AKAS or DSP laser beam front safety system • Additional back gauge fingers • Additional back gauge supports TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION VALUE Bending Force (Tons) 320 Bending Length (mm) 3100 Distance Between Side Frames (mm) 2600 Stroke (mm) 310 Open Height (Lower-Upper Jaw Gap) (mm) 535 Throat Depth (mm) 410 Table Height (mm) 955 Approach Speed (mm/sec) 150 Return Speed (mm/sec) 110 Pressing Speed (mm/sec) 10 Oil Tank (L) 290 Machine Weight (kg) 14700 Main Motor (kW) 22 CNC Control Unit ESA S640 Number of CNC Axes Y1-Y2-X-R (4 Axes) Back Gauge X (mm) 750 Back Gauge R (mm) 250 Crowning Manual (WILA wedge) Safety System Laser front safety Origin Turkey

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 200 km, daya: 382 kW (519,37 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 09/2025, tipe perpindahan gigi: otomatis, Perlengkapan: derek, rem angin bertekanan,

Kondisi: bekas, konfigurasi gandar: 3 gandar, pendaftaran pertama: 02/2008, warna: lain, Tahun pembuatan: 2008, Berat kosong: 5.400 kg As 1: kiri 8 mm, kanan 8 mm As 2: kiri 10 mm, kanan 10 mm As 3: kiri 8 mm, kanan 8 mm Iisdow I Apvopfx Afiea Kami memiliki kemungkinan untuk menumpuk trailer!

Kondisi: bekas, konfigurasi gandar: 3 gandar, pendaftaran pertama: 07/2016, warna: lain, Tahun pembuatan: 2016, Leergewicht: 5.325 kg Achse 1: links 12 mm, rechts 12 mm Iisdpfx Afeu Au Tceisa Achse 2: links 12 mm, rechts 12 mm Achse 3: links 12 mm, rechts 12 mm Wir haben die Möglichkeit, Anhänger zu stapeln!

Kondisi: bekas, Sheet length: 1050 mm Width: 800 mm Height: 1400 mm Sheet thickness: 3 mm Folding Machine: Iedsvaar Ispfx Afioia Kramer - Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 2100 mm x 800 mm x 1400 mm - Working width: 1000 mm - Sheet thickness: 3 mm

Kondisi: baru, Blechlänge: 1360Blechstärke: 3Standardzubehör:NC-SteuerungProgrammierbarer motorisierter Hinteranschlag mit 750 mm VerfahrwegSchattenlinien-Beleuchtung1 Stk. Anschlagarm mit Maßskala2 Stk. Blechabstützarme1 Stk. zusätzlicher Blechabstützarm (bei Modellen 1106-1306-1505)Finger-SchutzKugeltisch (Ball Transfer Table)Einfache Schneidspaltverstellung von der VorderseiteKugelgewindespindelSchnittzählerTragbarer Fußschalter mit Not-Aus-TasterLichtschranke an den hinteren Schutzeinrichtungen Iedpegick Djfx Afisia

Kondisi: baru, de-hu-001 Iijdpfx Afjgick Soiea

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Aluminum silo with extended support ring – used – Volume: approx. 48,000 liters Tank type: Silo Condition: used Suitable for foodstuffs: yes Design: upright Internal diameter: approx. 2,400 mm Cylindrical height: approx. 13,750 mm Total height: approx. 15,000 mm Specific gravity of medium: 0.8 t/m³ Operating pressure: non-pressurized Material / Finish Shell material: aluminum Equipment Support structure: foot ring/support ring Top head type: conical head Slope: approx. 15% Iodpex Stccofx Afisia Bottom head type: cone Cone angle: 60 degrees Top head: 1 x flange DN 100 PN 10 (filling) 1 x flange DN 150 PN 10 (ventilation) 1 x flange DN 150 PN 10 (level measurement) 1 x flange DN 100 PN 10 (spare) 1 x threaded socket 1 1/2" (sensor) 1 x roof edge railing with handrail 2 x crane lifting eyes Shell: 1 x support ring door (approx. 880 x 1,800 mm) 5 x pipe holders for filling pipe 5 x pipe holders for overflow pipe 1 x filling pipe DN 100 (filling lines and connections for silo vehicles may need to be retrofitted) 1 x overflow pipe DN 80 1 x threaded socket 1 1/2" (measuring probe) Bottom head: 1 x cone (60°) 1 x flange DN 80 (overflow pipe) Fittings: The currently installed measuring and control technology (if available) is included. However, no warranty is given for its functionality! Otherwise as per photos and drawings. Documentation: Technical drawing

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2016, jam operasional: 6.366 h, Vehicle description Mini Excavator/Midi Excavator TAKEUCHI TB 260 Year of manufacture: 2016 According to hour meter: 6,366 hours 32.4 kW 5,735 kg - Hydraulic quick coupler - All hydraulic lines - 2 buckets Iisdpjrynu Esfx Afija - New hydraulic ditch cleaning bucket! - Air conditioning - Additional work lights - Tinted windows - Ready for immediate use - Minimal play in pins and bushings Sales price: €36,900 net Affordable delivery available!

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2004, tinggi total: 1.060 mm, berat kosong: 4.300 kg, kapasitas angkut: 4.000 kg, berat keseluruhan: 4.300 kg, panjang total: 6.000 mm, lebar total: 3.000 mm, lebar meja: 3.000 mm, tinggi meja: 1.063 mm,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 943.375 km, daya: 294 kW (399,73 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 01/2011, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 26.000 kg, konfigurasi gandar: 3 gandar, inspeksi berikutnya (TÜV): 12/2024, warna: perak, tipe perpindahan gigi: mekanis, kelas emisi: Euro 5, volume ruang muat: 9 m³, panjang ruang muatan: 6.300 mm, lebar ruang muat: 2.500 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, derek, pemanas parkir, pendingin udara, sistem navigasi,

Kondisi: bekas, jarak tempuh: 943.375 km, daya: 294 kW (399,73 hp), pendaftaran pertama: 01/2011, jenis bahan bakar: diesel, berat keseluruhan: 26.000 kg, konfigurasi gandar: 3 gandar, inspeksi berikutnya (TÜV): 12/2024, warna: perak, tipe perpindahan gigi: mekanis, kelas emisi: Euro 5, volume ruang muat: 9 m³, panjang ruang muatan: 6.300 mm, lebar ruang muat: 2.500 mm, Perlengkapan: ABS, derek, pemanas parkir, pendingin udara, sistem navigasi,