Beli Vem Scredder Untuk Plastik bekas (26.624)

Tahun pembuatan: 2000, Kondisi: diremajakan ulang (bekas), Zerkleinerer für Kunststoffe Hnedpfxsgak Duj Aanol Rotor 800 x 630 mm

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2012, Automated system / Application areas: chrome plating, nickel plating, copper plating / Programs: pre-cleaning, pretreatment, metallization, post-treatment / Base materials: ABS and ABS-PC / Technical data: goods window per goods carrier 2800 mm x 1700 mm x 300 mm, max. 8 square meters galvanic surface per goods carrier, cycle time 3.00 min. system, cycle time 2.50 min. demetallization / Capacity: 20 goods carriers per hour, clear distance anode/anode chrome 700 mm, copper 700 mm, nickel 700 mm, clear entry dimension 550 mm in travel direction, 3100 mm width, tank dimensions (rinsing) 3100 mm x 700 mm, / Power consumption: drives: transport system 133 kW, filters 194 kW, exhaust ventilation 229 kW, wastewater treatment 150 kW, switchgear 704 kW, rectifiers approx. 3190 kW, heating energy approx. 1410 kW / Consisting of: automatic loading system with 135 goods carriers, 5 loading and unloading stations, wastewater treatment plant and exhaust air system / Tanks, plating baths, and exhaust air system made of chemically resistant plastics, NOTE: Various continuous extensions and modernizations of the plastics electroplating plant since 2015! Hnedpfey Rvtuex Aansl

Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Kondisi: baru, Granulator MVZ 7.5 kW Demonstration unit available at a special price Our Granulator MVZ 7.5 is suitable for shredding thin-walled plastic parts or for post-shredding of wood chips. Further details can be provided after testing with your specific material. Our granulators are used for processing a wide range of materials, such as plastics or wood. Shredders and granulators are suitable for various size-reduction applications. For example, in injection molding, rejects and sprues are produced that need to be reprocessed. In blow molding, in addition to rejects, there are parisons or start-up waste. The system can process blow molding materials such as PET bottles, PE/PP bottles, canisters, buckets, pipes, and more. Material is fed from above via a hopper into the cutting chamber of the granulator. Inside, a rotor equipped with cutting knives shreds the material between the rotating knives and the stationary counter-knives mounted in the chamber until it passes as regrind through the screen located below the rotor. *Option: The ground material is usually transported pneumatically into big bags, silos, or other containers. The price applies only to the shredding plant as shown in image 1 - fan, cyclone, and filter are optional. --- Technical Data: Granulator MVZ 7.5 kW Motor: 7.5 kW *Larger systems available on request (4 to 75 kW) Throughput up to 120 kg/h when shredding plastics *highly dependent on screen size and material Application example: Shredding PE 1000 plastic Input material: approx. 40 mm chip length Post-shredding to approx. 6 mm Throughput up to 50 kg/h with 6 mm screen (Throughput up to 80 kg/h with 8 mm screen) ___ For G30 wood chip post-shredding, much higher throughputs can be achieved: Hsdpod N Dn Dofx Aanonl Up to a maximum of 400 kg/h with a 10 mm screen, *metered feed, e.g., via conveyor or auger. Further details after testing approx. 30 kg sample. Rotor diameter: 180 mm 6 rotor knives, each 225 mm 4 stator knives, each 225 mm Dimensions: 930x730x1420 mm Weight: 450 kg Suction connection: 100 mm Screens: 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 mm - additional screen sizes available Price per screen: €390 Price for replacement knife set: €679 Suitable for, for example: - All types of plastic waste Various materials: HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, PC, PA - Biomass - Wood - Herbs, etc. Parts from injection molding, blow molding, sprue waste, small bottles, cables, small pipes, profiles, etc. --- Larger systems also available as an option: Granulator MVZ / 18.5 kW Throughput up to 350 kg/h *depending on screen and material Infeed opening: 620x400 mm *Optional with matching extraction/transport system Granulator MVZ / 30 kW Throughput up to 400 kg/h *depending on screen and material Infeed opening: 620x500 mm *Optional with matching extraction/transport system --- For system design, the following information is important: - Length x width x height of the input material? - Screen size: what final particle size (mm) is required? - Required throughput per hour (kg)? - Wall thickness (mm)? - Material description Photos can also be helpful.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1978, jam operasional: 60.000 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Daftar ini menawarkan Kim Ho Sheng Industrial Co Ltd open mixing mill karet dan plastik, model ROLL 16x42'' L, diproduksi tahun 1978. Mesin ini dilengkapi dua rol logam besar yang dirancang untuk mencampur bahan karet dan plastik. Dilengkapi dengan tudung buang dan sistem saluran yang kokoh di atas rol untuk menyediakan ventilasi selama operasi. Pegangan kontrol terletak di kedua sisi mesin, memungkinkan penyesuaian dan pengoperasian manual. Mixing mill ini cocok untuk aplikasi industri pengolahan karet dan plastik yang membutuhkan open mixing mill. Hodpfx Aajyqyb Uenonl

Tahun pembuatan: 1999, Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), lebar kerja: 620 mm, nomor mesin/kendaraan: SE 01510 A10, HP60/40 Heating Element Welding Machine by BRANSON Drive system is hydraulic, supported by positioning and control systems. The machine is equipped with its own vacuum pump. Low operating hours (approx. 6,800 hrs). Usable heating element area: Width 600 mm x Depth 400 mm Max. workpiece dimensions: - Max. part width: 620 mm - Max. part depth: 420 mm - Max. part height (top): 350 mm - Max. part height (bottom): 350 mm (Combinations of part heights possible, depending on contour) Max. process temperature for contact welding: 400°C. The machine’s modular frame design allows for easy modifications. Side doors and the front door in the welding area can be easily opened for quick changeovers. The automatic safety lift door ensures a high level of operator safety. Temperature controllers on the operating panel are equipped with actual/target displays. The operating terminal is a Siemens PLC control panel. Machine is controlled via Siemens PLC (S7-300 control system). Heating elements are equipped with temperature sensors for precise temperature control and safety shutdown in case of overheating. Hnjdpfx Asykvdleanel The pin systems in the tool clamping areas enable reproducible fixture positioning. Advantages of heating element welding technology: - Secure welding of workpieces with low or varying wall thicknesses is possible. - Low rejection rate due to dimensionally accurate and reproducible welds. - Precise timing, temperature control, and force dosing allow even sensitive parts to be welded. - Nearly all thermoplastics can be welded with this method. - Different types of plastics can be welded together (compatibility must be checked). Technical data: - Power supply: 3 x 400 V AC + N + PE - Power rating: 25 kVA - Rated current: 20 A - Required cable cross-section: 5 (power lines) x 6 mm² each - Required pneumatic connection: 6 bar Machine dimensions: - Machine width: approx. 1.22 m - Machine width with control panel: approx. 1.8 m - Machine depth: approx. 2.1 m - Machine depth with control panel: approx. 2.6 m - Machine height: approx. 2.4 m - Machine height with raised safety door: approx. 2.85 m (door open) Machine weight: approx. 2,200 kg

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1994, Mesin injeksi Main Group tipe Vilor untuk produksi elemen plastik; sebelumnya digunakan untuk pembuatan sol dan komponen dalam produksi alas kaki; tersedia juga opsi tambahan penjualan cetakan sol untuk mesin tersebut; mesin terakhir beroperasi empat tahun lalu dan sejak itu tidak digunakan; kondisi baik - perlu renovasi; Hnedpfxjy Egvps Aanjl

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2013, Kersting plastic chain conveyor, conveyor belt, inclined conveyor GF 3350-720-620 with drain tray for cleaning RA1974 Technical data: Conveyor length (NL): 3350 mm Frame width (NB): 720 mm Belt width (GuB): 620 mm Height/Conveyor path (BH): rising from 920 mm to 1250 mm +/- 50 mm adjustable height Number of support legs: 2 pieces Conveying speed (v m/s): please contact us for required speed Drive: SEW gear motor Electrical data: 400 V / 50 Hz / 0.37 kW Belt: plastic chain Year of manufacture: 2013 Special features / accessories: Drain tray for collection of cleaning water runoff All prices are net plus VAT, ex central warehouse Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co KG, 97076 Würzburg Hodpsk Abpaofx Aanjnl For individual, expert advice, please feel free to contact us. You can reach us by phone or email. We are happy to assist you with the planning and realization of your projects. We look forward to hearing from you. Best regards, Your team at Dr. Sonntag GmbH & Co. KG Your specialist and partner for intralogistics.

Tahun pembuatan: 1995, Kondisi: baik (bekas), 600 mm rotor width 7.5 kW motor Hodpfx Aajfxg Dlsnjnl 650 rpm

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Shredder plastik dengan daya 45 kW, dapat mencacah plastik film dan jenis plastik lainnya menjadi potongan kecil. Shredder ini juga dilengkapi box soft start. Hnodpfxoxf Txzo Aansl

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2017, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 100281518, tinggi total: 2.260 mm, lebar total: 1.550 mm, panjang total: 1.685 mm, tinggi produk (maks.): 310 mm, lebar produk (maks.): 150 mm, Tanpa harga minimum - penjualan dijamin kepada penawar tertinggi! Harga baru lebih dari 100.000 EUR! Perangkat siap muat & dikemas siap kirim! Proses pemuatan dapat dilakukan oleh penjual. DETAIL TEKNIS Lebar inspeksi maks.: 150 mm Tinggi inspeksi maks.: 310 mm Sistem Konveyor Tipe konveyor: Meja Putar Kecepatan: 12 – 45 m/menit DETAIL MESIN Generator sinar-X Tegangan: 30 – 75 kV Arus: 1 – 8 mA Daya: maks. 300 W Dimensi (P x L x T): 1.685 x 1.550 x 2.260 mm Kelas perlindungan: IP65 / IP66 Data listrik Catu daya: 200 – 240 V Frekuensi: 50 / 60 Hz PERLENGKAPAN Konveyor meja putar Pendinginan udara hermetis Hnodpsy Ath Hofx Aanol Sistem inspeksi sinar-X

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Motan MI 120 – G1 - 0 pengering Hnsdpfx Aaeyz Uxksnel

Kondisi: baru, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 90 kW (122,37 hp), Tahun pembuatan: 2026, de4a870e-1cfa-4b3f-a137-78e451802c38 Hedowg Sd Uepfx Aanonl

Kondisi: siap digunakan (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2022, Mesin press baling kertas bekas, kertas, film plastik, plastik, dan bahan organik lainnya untuk didaur ulang. Produsen: HSM Model: V-Press 825 plus pro - Sistem TCS (TorsionControlSystem) – kontrol kesejajaran pelat Hodpfx Aeyyy Dpoanenl - Start/stop otomatis setelah pintu ditutup - Layar tampilan + penghitung bal dan jam operasi - Pengikatan manual (4 tali poliester) - Pintu geser dengan pengunci roda tangan Dimensi mesin: 1700 x 1250 mm, tinggi: 2370 mm Lubang pengisian: 1195 x 540 mm Berat bal: hingga sekitar 280 kg Dimensi bal: sekitar 1200 × 780 × 700 mm Kapasitas: ~2–5 bal/jam Tahun produksi: 2022 Tekanan tekan: 250 kN Daya motor: 4,0 kW Berat mesin: 1200 kg

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Mesin pengisi ini digunakan untuk mengisi ember madu 3 liter. Dapat disediakan dengan mesin penutup ember GlobeTech dengan biaya tambahan, yang bekerja secara inline dengannya. Hnodpfxjpfdhpo Aanol

Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Kondisi: baru, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Jesteśmy producentem kompletnych linii technologicznych do mycia i granulacji tworzyw sztucznych. Oferujemy również pojedyncze urządzenia, takie jak wirówki, myjki, prasy ślimakowe oraz wanny flotacyjne. Hnjdpeuqu Uhsfx Aanjl Wysokowydajna linia do mycia i granulacji tworzyw sztucznych została zaprojektowana do przetwarzania różnych materiałów, takich jak PE, PP, HDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, PS i ABS. To kompleksowe rozwiązanie do recyklingu wydajnie realizuje procesy mycia, suszenia i granulacji, gwarantując najwyższą jakość regranulatu. Każda linia jest projektowana indywidualnie, zgodnie z potrzebami klienta, w zakresie wydajności od 300 kg/h do 2500 kg/h, co zapewnia optymalne dopasowanie do każdej skali produkcji. System charakteryzuje się trwałą konstrukcją i łatwością obsługi, dzięki czemu sprawdza się zarówno w małych, jak i dużych zakładach recyklingu. Zaawansowana technologia maksymalizuje wydajność, minimalizuje zużycie energii oraz zapewnia powtarzalne rezultaty, oferując niezawodne i ekonomiczne rozwiązanie do usprawnienia procesów recyklingu tworzyw sztucznych. Zapraszamy do kontaktu w sprawie zapytań i ofert: Erfor.pl

Kondisi: bekas, Gebrauchte Abfülllinie von TANG OG WEISS AS (DK) zur Verpackung von Flüssigkeiten in Kunststoffflaschen. Geeignet für Füllvolumina von 50 ml bis 750 ml. Leistungsdaten der Linie: - Für Flaschen mit 750 ml Volumen: bis zu 600 Stück/h - Für Flaschen im Bereich von 200 bis 400 ml: ca. 800–900 Stück/h - Für kleinere Flaschen ist eine Kapazität von etwa 1.000–1.200 Stück/h realistisch. Die Linie setzt sich aus folgenden Komponenten zusammen: - Flaschenzuführbehälter von PACKFEEDER S.L. (Spanien), Modell MN 100-4 - Füll- und Verschließeinheit von TANG OG WEISS AS (DK), Modell TWKS. Beinhaltet das Füllmodul TWRF mit zwei Füllventilen, einen Puffertank aus Edelstahl (Gesamtvolumen 15 l), Rundlauftisch, Verschlusszuführung, Verschließarm und Plattenförderer - Edelstahl-Drehkolbenpumpe von SSP PUMPS (England), Modell L2-0017, zur Förderung des Produkts in den Puffertank - Etikettiermaschine von EME Etiketteringsmaskiner ApS (Dänemark), Modell 4-120 (4000 Serie), ohne Drucker, ausgestattet mit Plattenförderer und zwei Selbstklebe-Etikettierstationen (Vorder- und Rückseite der Gebinde). Etikettenzuführungshöhe: 20–120 mm, -breite: 10–250 mm, Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit: 0–40 m/min - Automatische Folieneinschweißmaschine von SKINETTA PAC-SYSTEME GMBH & CO. (Deutschland), Modell ASK 450. Die Maschine umwickelt 6er-Packs mit Schrumpffolie und verschweißt/thermoformt sie. Einlauföffnung zur Schrumpfsektion: Breite 440 mm, Höhe 320 mm (Baujahr 1994, ohne Dokumentation) Hnsdjyi Ezkspfx Aanol - Plattenförderer und Steuerpulte Im Lieferumfang enthalten: Schrank mit Formatteilen für ovale Flaschen (Volumen 50, 200, 400, 750 ml), Herstellungsdokumentation in Dänisch und Bedienungsanleitung auf Polnisch. Baujahr der Linie: 2007.

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1974, jam operasional: 60.000 h, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 2215, Penawaran ini untuk mesin open mixing mill karet dan plastik MODERNE MECCANICHE, model GOTA / 400x1000, diproduksi tahun 1974. Mesin ini memiliki dimensi keseluruhan panjang 1900 mm, lebar 2800 mm, dan tinggi 1800 mm. Mesin ini dirancang untuk aplikasi pengolahan karet industri. Mesin ini memiliki desain industri besar dengan alas berwarna hijau dan rol logam sentral, yang umum ditemukan pada open mixing mill di industri karet dan plastik. Hnjdpfsyqyakox Aansl Open mixing mill ini cocok untuk pembeli yang mencari mesin industri vintage yang kokoh dari produsen ternama, dengan dimensi fisik jelas dan komponen yang mudah diidentifikasi.

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Professional machine for plastic shredding Base unit starting from €24,990 net Well-suited for shredding: - Paper, cardboard, pipes, profiles, crates, canisters, buckets, cans, wooden pallet offcuts, etc. - Medium-hard thermoplastics such as PVC, PP, PE, PS, PU, PET Includes: - Special rotor with embedded knives (reduced power requirement) - Minimal cutting gap between rotor knives and counter knives Motor: 18.5 kW; 400 V - 50 Hz - 3 phase Control system: PLC Cutting chamber opening (top): 600 x 800 mm Parts should be max. approx. 500 x 500 mm* *Height is less critical Hydraulically actuated ram Screen perforation of your choice (25–40 mm) For plastics, coarser screens are recommended (30–40 mm) *For finer granulation, a two-stage size reduction process with an additional MVZ granulator (screens 5–15 mm) is recommended. Suction port Ø 160 mm Weight: approx. 1,300 kg Dimensions (L x W x H): approx. 1737 x 1167 x 1650 mm Additional options at extra cost: - Raise shredder by approx. 25 cm (preparation for conveyor discharge) + €1,980 net - Inclined conveyor belt (discharge height approx. 220 cm) + €8,770 net - Overbelt magnet + €5,980 net - Conveyor belt and overbelt magnet controls + €2,750 net (start and stop synchronized with shredder) - Alternatively, manual start/stop for conveyor belt + €595 net Material requirements: - Moisture content (atro) must be below 25% - Metals and mineral impurities such as sand, stones, etc. will cause increased wear. We are happy to arrange a free test using your material at our facility in Neckartailfingen. Alternatively, you can send your material via freight forwarder and we will document the test with photos and videos. --- *Only for brittle plastics with medium hardness. *Not suitable for elastic or extremely hard and heavy plastics, as this will impact system durability. --- Optional next larger machines: Base unit: Shredder MGZ 830 K-S – 18.5 kW Cutting chamber opening (top): 800 x 1,000 mm Parts should be max. approx. 720 x 700 mm* *Height is less critical from €39,995 net (options according to requirements) Base unit: Shredder MGZ 1030 K-S – 22 kW Cutting chamber opening (top): 1,000 x 1,000 mm Parts should be max. approx. 900 x 700 mm* *Height is less critical from €49,975 net (options according to requirements) Base unit: Shredder MGZ 1330 K-S – 37 kW Cutting chamber opening (top): 1,300 x 1,200 mm Parts should be max. approx. 1,200 x 700 mm* *Height is less critical from €79,975 net (options according to requirements) Hnsdpfx Aed H R Sxjanjl

Kondisi: perlu perbaikan (bekas), Waste and plastics recycling mill. Manufacturer: ALPINE AUGSBURG Model: RO 63/50 Motor power: 50 kW Hnsdpfew E Nw Njx Aanel Feed opening dimensions: 400 x 500 mm Set includes 16 interchangeable screens ranging from 1 to 50 mm Machine dimensions: 3000 x 2000 mm Height with conveyor belt: 4200 mm Weight: 7000 kg Technical condition: used machine, electrical installation missing

Kondisi: baru, New device MASS International Color mixer / batch mixer Mixer for plastic granules Available at short notice from stock Example: Mixer MV 2 Steel construction Capacity: 200 liters / 120 kg granulate Length: 700 mm Width: 700 mm Height: 1050 mm (incl. control panel: 1250 mm) Mobile on lockable swivel casters Double-sided extraction port for suction lance, additional discharge port at the bottom, Hedpfx Asu Ti Tvjansnl Safety switch on inlet cover and discharge port, Height adjustable in 25 mm increments, Viewing window for fill level monitoring Control via control panel Interval and continuous mixing adjustable Description: MV batch mixer for thorough blending of the entire plastic granulate. Ideal for blending in additional components, such as color masterbatch, additives, fillers, etc. Thanks to the forced guidance by the screw sleeve, the entire plastic granulate is set in motion in the mixer and is completely and quickly blended with the added components. There are no “dead” corners left unmixed, as is often the case with conventional screw or paddle mixers.

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, hu Hodpsxgn Ugefx Aanonl

Kondisi: bekas, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, Tahun pembuatan: 2010, jam operasional: 5.000 h, nomor mesin/kendaraan: ZXS20001004001, de: Zum Verkauf: ZERMA ZXS 2000T Hochleistungs-Shredder zur Reifenzerkleinerung. In sehr gutem Zustand. Maximal 5.000 Betriebsstunden. Industrietauglicher Einwellen-Shredder zur schweren Zerkleinerung von Reifen und Kunststoffen wie PE, PP und PVC. Ausgestattet mit einem massiven Rotor (Breite 1.900 mm, Durchmesser 750 mm) mit 96 Rotormessern und 25 Statormessern, angetrieben von zwei leistungsstarken 132 kW Motoren sowie einer 11 kW Hydraulikeinheit. ✅ Große Aufgabeschurre: 2.020 x 2.540 mm ✅ Hydraulischer Schieber für kontrollierten Materialeinzug ✅ Austauschbares Sieb für flexible Endkorngrößen ✅ Optionale Rotorkühlung mit Wasser für anspruchsvolle Anwendungen Hnedpfewri U Uex Aanol ✅ Robuster Stahlrahmen – Maschinengewicht ca. 18.000 kg ✅ Geräuschpegel ca. 95 dB(A) (ohne Schallschutz) ✅ Modernes Bedienfeld mit automatischer Lastüberwachung ✅ Sicherheitseinrichtungen: Not-Aus-System, verriegelte Wartungstüren u.v.m. Ideal für Recycling-Anlagen, Reifen- und Kunststoffverarbeitung sowie volumenstarke Materialreduzierung. Lieferung inklusive vollständiger technischer Dokumentation und Bedienungsanleitung.

Kondisi: bekas, Mesin berfungsi dengan baik dan siap untuk bekerja. Hnodpfexn Uvgox Aansl

Tahun pembuatan: 2003, jam operasional: 0 h, Kondisi: baik (bekas), nomor mesin/kendaraan: 00278, ROTAČNÍ LIS NA KARTON, PLAST A KRABICE NEBO KARTONY Valpak Značka: TECHVAL Typ/Model: VALPAK Výkon: 4 kW Rok výroby: 2003 Hladina akustického tlaku: 59 dB(A) Napájecí napětí: 380 V, třífázové Jištění: 16A, charakteristika D Rozměry: 140 x 210 x 280 cm (D x Š x V) Hmotnost svitku – hliníkové lamely: 1200 kg Skladové množství: 1 ks 1 kulatý pytel slisovaného odpadu = 36 kontejnerů nestlačeného kartonu 1 kulatý pytel odpadového kartonu má 300/400 kg, z krabic 300 kg, plast 200/300 kg Standardní vybavení: Fotoelektrická závora, automatický čistící systém, 100% senzor zaplnění se zastavením stroje, speciální válec pro karton/plast/bedny, systém zvlhčování, násypka vpředu, řízení pomocí PLC. Možnost práce za nízkých teplot až do (-30 °C), má nádrž na nemrznoucí směs. Cena: 2.850 EUR + DPH Hedpfx Aefh Slpsanonl Ex Works naložené: Oradea/Rumunsko Chyby, změny a mezitímní prodej vyhrazeny. Hovoříme česky, anglicky, německy, maďarsky, francouzsky a rumunsky.

Tahun pembuatan: 2021, Kondisi: bekas, Centrifuge pengering untuk plastik daur ulang. Produsen: Kreatywne Centrum Budowy Maszyn Tahun produksi: 2021 Daya listrik: 400 V Daya: 75 kW Kapasitas: 700 kg/jam (plastik lunak), 1000 kg/jam (plastik keras) Dimensi luar mesin: - Panjang: 4.000 mm - Lebar: 1.500 mm - Tinggi: 2.600 mm Hodpoxykmfjfx Aanjnl Dilengkapi dengan konveyor sabuk. Kondisi teknis: bekas.