Beli Mesin pembengkok horisontal 0–25 t bekas (49)

Kondisi: baru, Pressure: 20.0 t Stroke: 185 mm Flat bar on edge: 200 x 12 mm Working speed: 10.0 mm/sec Return speed: 10.0 mm/min Working height: 930 mm Table: 480 x 1060 mm Total power requirement: 2.2 kW Motor: 400 Volt 50 Hz Oil capacity: 12.0 liters Weight: 530 kg Dimensions (L x W x H): 1150 x 480 x 1400 mm Equipment: - Electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine - Large, robust machine table made of hardened steel - Machine constructed from hardened and ground forged steel Rcsdpfx Ajxabtved Rjd - Digital display for stroke adjustment * Programming of 1 bending end point & 1 return point possible - 1x tool set (1x bending punch / 1x 1V die) * Bending punch .. angle: 60° / bending radius: 5.0 mm * Die .. angle: 60° / V-opening: 63.0 mm - Infinitely variable adjustment of bending speed & pressing force - 1x manual material stop - Moveable double foot switch - Machine can be transported by pallet truck/forklift - Operating manual

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2011, Tekanan 22,0 t Baja pipih di atas tepi tinggi 120 x 15,0 mm ST Rcedpfoznnhiex Ad Rjd Langkah 200 mm Kecepatan kerja 8,0 mm/detik Kecepatan kembali 30,0 mm/menit Tinggi kerja 925 mm Meja: 630 x 1100 mm Motor 400 Volt 50 Hz Total kebutuhan daya 1,5 kW Berat 630 kg Dimensi P-L-T 900 x 1200 x 920 mm Deskripsi: - Mesin pembengkokan horizontal elektro-hidraulik - Silinder di bawah meja kerja – pengaturan langkah hidraulik pada meja geser - Permukaan kerja yang kokoh terbuat dari baja yang distabilkan - Permukaan kerja yang besar dan bebas - Mesin terbuat dari baja tempa yang dikeraskan dan digiling - Penyesuaian mikrometrik langkah kerja menggunakan katup hidraulik melalui roda tangan di bagian depan mesin - Penyesuaian permanen, bahkan pada kapasitas operasi maksimum, sehingga sudut pembengkokan yang diinginkan dapat dicapai tanpa percobaan dan pengujian - Berkat sistem ini, mesin ini cocok untuk pembuatan prototipe serta untuk produksi seri besar - Penyesuaian kecepatan umpan melalui katup pengatur manual - Pen duduk cetak terbuat dari baja paduan yang dikeraskan, dengan sistem penggantian cepat. - Pelumasan menggunakan pompa manual - Pengendalian melalui pedal kaki elektrik dan tombol tekan pelindung tangan yang mencegah kecelakaan dengan pengaturan waktu - Sistem GREEN TECHNOLOGY mengontrol pematian mesin pembengkokan Anda ketika tidak digunakan sementara Lingkup pengiriman: - Sistem pelumasan terpusat - 1 pedal kaki yang dapat bergerak bebas - Batang penghenti samping 500 mm - Roda tangan untuk menyesuaikan langkah piston - Peralatan pembengkokan - Instruksi pengoperasian (PDF)

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1972, panjang total: 1.800 mm, tinggi total: 1.400 mm, lebar total: 2.250 mm, Warna: Hijau Berat kosong: 2.000 kg Harga: Sesuai permintaan - Tahun pembuatan: 1972 - Dokumentasi tersedia: Tidak - Sertifikat CE tersedia: Tidak - Kontrol: Konvensional - Dimensi pengiriman: 1800mm x 2250mm x 1400mm (p x l x t) - Berat pengiriman [kg]: 2000kg - Paket pengiriman [unit]: 1 Informasi keuangan Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN): Harga yang tertera belum termasuk PPN PPN/Pajak atas perbedaan: PPN dapat dikurangkan untuk pengusaha Rodpfx Ajzm N Risd Rscd Pengiriman dan penawaran tukar dapat dilakukan kapan saja untuk semua produk dari sektor industri Lukas van Rossum

Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Stierli Bieger 120HE Horizontal bending machine with a bending force of 12 tons Rcjdpfx Aoid Izgsd Red Tool height: 130 mm Stroke: 0–170 mm Bending capacity for flat steel: 130x12 mm (steel) Tube bending: Gas pipe up to 1 1/2" Suitable for light straightening tasks Demonstration machine, year of manufacture 2024

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2026, HSBM 2020-20 SB - Manual Box and Pan Folding Machine Rcsdpscnxc Nefx Ad Rsd HSBM SB - Heavy-Duty Manual Box and Pan Folding Machine with Segmented Clamping Beams - Easy operation - Segmented upper tooling - Folding function with secure clamping of the workpiece via preloaded top beam - Heavy, compact welded construction - Simple bending with precise angle adjustment using a stop with scale - Especially low maintenance Segment configuration: 25-30-35-40-45-75-100-150-200-200-270-400-400 Technical Data Note: Max. sheet thickness: Performance values based on material with tensile strength of 400 N/mm²; Stainless steel bending capacity: factor 0.75; Aluminium bending capacity: factor 1.2; For bending stainless steel, hardened top tools are required. Model: HSBM 2020-20 SB Item No.: 3772920 Technical Specifications Max. working width: 2,020 mm Max. bending capacity, steel 400 N/mm²: 2 mm Max. bending capacity, stainless steel: 1.5 mm Max. bending capacity, aluminium: 2.4 mm Max. bending angle: 135° Segment configuration: Max. opening height between upper and lower beam: 120 mm Length: 2,500 mm Width: 710 mm Height: 1,500 mm Weight: 1,020 kg Location: Ex works - free loaded -

Kondisi: baik (bekas), plansch_biegemaschine2024-06 Rcedpfx Asfg Th Asd Rod

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1967, jam operasional: 4.336 h, For sale: a solid, heavy-duty pipe bender in very good condition. The bender weighs 4.5T, plus approximately 1T of work rolls included. Rcodsudlymepfx Ad Rsd

Kondisi: belum diuji (bekas), Bluhm Systeme Marking Laser We offer you a Bluhm Systeme marking laser. Bluhm Systeme Fiber Laser e-SolarMark FL No functional guarantee (untested) Introduction: The e-SolarMark FL 10W and 30W are class IV lasers in accordance with IEC 825 and EN 60825 guidelines (standards for end-user applications). The device is designed to be integrated into a system or operated as a standalone unit with a protective housing. After installation, the laser system must meet the protective class product requirements according to the aforementioned guidelines. The e-SolarMark is a laser system for marking and engraving plastics, metals, and foils, both stationary and in motion. Technical Specifications e-SolarMark Description The e-SolarMark system consists of two main components: 1. The marking unit with laser head (scanning head) and focusing lens. 2. The control unit, including power supply, electronic control system, and firmware for system operation, as well as internal I/O slots. The e-SolarMark features a fixed galvo scan head, equipped with a lens for a square marking field with standard dimensions of 70 x 70 mm. Laser Specifications (Standard Version) Laser type: fiber laser Laser output power: FL2 model: 19W, typical Wavelength: 1062 nm, typical Internal modulation: 20 to 80 kHz Scanner Head Description: Scan head: Two galvanometric mirror scanners with hard, highly reflective dielectric coating. F-Theta Lens types and properties: Marking field lens: 70 x 70 mm up to 300 x 300 mm Focal distance: 192 mm Operating Environment Conditions: Relative humidity: Up to 80%, non-condensing Operating temperature: 5 - 40°C Recommended operating temperature: 15 - 25°C Dimensions (W x H x D): Laser unit: 122 x 108 x 495 mm Control unit: 520 x 380 x 215 mm Cable length (marking/control unit): 3 m Weight Marking unit: 5 kg Control unit: 15 kg Mains voltage 115/230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, single-phase. Power consumption (FL2 model): 450W Rcodszgci Eepfx Ad Red Type: e-SolarMark FL Condition: used Scope of delivery: see picture (Subject to technical changes and errors. All data and information are non-binding!) For further questions, we are happy to assist you by phone.

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Mesin pembengkokan horizontal hidraulik, model Zopf - Model T 200 dengan penghenti - Penghenti panjang yang dapat diprogram, 1000 mm - Tahun pembuatan 2026 - Mesin demonstrasi Rcodpfsgrydbsx Ad Rod - Panjang langkah 185 mm - Berat 500 kg Kapasitas pembengkokan hingga baja lembaran ST 37 adalah 200x12 mm (dengan perkakas yang sesuai) dilengkapi dengan pukulan R 5 dan cetakan V 100 mm

Kondisi: baru, Kondisi: baru Waktu pengiriman: sekitar 8 minggu sejak pemesanan Negara asal: Turki Harga: €7.300 Angsuran leasing: €140,89 Gaya tekan: 10 ton Langkah: 185 mm Kapasitas tekuk maksimum - baja konstruksi: 150x8 mm Meja: 450x900 mm Tinggi pin penahan: 150 mm Diameter pin: 60 mm Rcsdpfx Aeynmzcsd Rsd Kecepatan kerja: 10 mm/dtk Kecepatan retur: 10 mm/dtk Motor: 1,1 kW Tinggi kerja: 915 mm Panjang: 900 mm Lebar: 450 mm Tinggi: 1130 mm Berat: 250 kg Pengaturan langkah dengan tampilan digital Mode operasi manual dan otomatis Pin penahan dan alat dikeraskan serta diasah Alat tekuk Pedal kaki OPSIONAL: Alat pemotong, punch, atau pembengkok pipa tersedia atas permintaan

Kondisi: baru, Kondisi: baru Waktu pengiriman: sekitar 8 minggu setelah pemesanan Negara asal: Turki Harga: 12.900 € Tarif leasing: 247,68 € Gaya tekan: 40 ton Langkah: 285 mm Kapasitas tekuk maksimum - baja konstruksi: 200x24 mm Meja: 660x1250 mm Rjdpfx Adowiq N Ij Recd Tinggi baut penopang: 250 mm Diameter baut: 80 mm Kecepatan kerja: 10 mm/dtk Kecepatan mundur: 10 mm/dtk Motor: 4 kW Tinggi kerja: 930 mm Panjang: 1250 mm Lebar: 650 mm Tinggi: 1250 mm Berat: 1100 kg Pengaturan langkah dengan tampilan digital Mode operasi manual dan otomatis Baut penopang dan alat dikeraskan dan diasah Perkakas tekuk Pedal kaki OPSI: Perkakas pemotong, pelubang, atau alat tekuk pipa atas permintaan

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Maximum pressure: 20 tons Stroke length: 200 mm Maximum speed: 10 mm/sec Return speed: 20 mm/sec Redpfshgib Njx Ad Rjcd Worktable: 480x1060 mm Working height: 900 mm Oil tank: 10 liters Maximum workpiece height: 200 mm Flat capacity: 200x12 mm Tube capacity: 48x4.0 mm *not with standard tooling - Digital limitation of stroke and return. - NC control. - Adjustable hydraulic pressure - Adjustable bending speed - Fully enclosed table - The ZOPF design allows quick tool changes without loss of precision - The hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the heavy-duty machine table to prevent any loss of accuracy even under heavy load. - With the universal tool holder and various tools, you can work extremely flexibly.

Kondisi: bekas, Mesin tekuk ayun Tipe: Weingarten ALH Kondisi: Bekas Rcodpfx Adjy I U U Ss Rsd Data Teknis Ketebalan pelat: 1,25 mm Panjang tekuk: sekitar 2030 mm

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Mesin Bending Hidraulik Horizontal Zopf - Model T 200 - Tahun produksi 2026 - Mesin demonstrasi Rcedpfody Igzsx Ad Red - Panjang langkah 185 mm - Berat 450 kg Kapasitas bending untuk baja plat ST 37 hingga 200x12 mm (dengan alat yang sesuai) termasuk pembatas panjang mekanis tampilan digital dengan pemrograman langkah demonstrasi mesin

Kondisi: bekas, Euromac PB 350S mesin bending horizontal. Mesin bending horizontal Euromac lengkap dengan perlengkapan terkait. Rcedpfx Adszh Rf Ds Rjd

Kondisi: bekas, Steinweg B32 mesin penekuk besi, nomor seri 3701, tahun 1990, manual alat asli dan perlengkapan sesuai foto. Redpjzh Rfwofx Ad Recd

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, tinggi alat: 130 mm, gaya penekanan: 12 t, gaya tekuk (maks.): 12 t, Stierli Bieger 120HE Horizontal Press Horizontal bending machine, manual control with fine angle adjustment Highly versatile, suitable for bending flat steel, sheet metal, round steel, profiles, square or round pipes, forming tools, and simple mounting of customer-specific or special tools, as well as straightening operations as a straightening press. Rsdpfx Adeflc R Dj Recd Bending force: 12 tons Tool height: 130 mm Stroke: 0–170 mm, stepless Bending capacity: 130x12 mm S235 Straightening capacity: for light straightening work Tube bending: 3/8"–1 1/2" Demonstration machine, year 2022, incl. hand and foot pedal Machine in as-new condition

Kondisi: hampir baru (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, tinggi alat: 130 mm, ketebalan pelat tembaga (maks.): 20 mm, gaya tekuk (maks.): 12 t, stierli-bieger-120-cnc Rjdpfx Aeflc R Ued Rjcd

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1996, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 14151, berat keseluruhan: 3.485 kg, lebar kerja: 3.100 mm, ketebalan lembaran (maks.): 2 mm, Kami menawarkan mesin bending bekas Göteneds K25-30 A 1200, tahun pembuatan 1996 ini. Model: K25-30 A 1200 Area kerja: 3100mm x 2,0 mm Nomor seri: 14151 Tahun pembuatan: 12 / 96 Berat: 3485 kg Mesin ini beberapa waktu lalu telah mendapatkan gearbox dan display baru. Redpfx Adezdzxge Rocd Mesin dalam kondisi bekas yang baik dengan ketidakakuratan wajar sesuai usia. Namun tetap sangat memadai untuk banyak aplikasi. Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan atau membutuhkan informasi lebih lanjut, silakan kirim pesan kepada kami atau hubungi kami.

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Hydraulic horizontal bending machine Rjdpfx Asy T Ranod Rjcd - Model T 200 with back gauge - Demonstration machine - Stroke length: 185 mm - Weight: 500 kg Bending capacity up to flat steel ST 37 is 200x12 mm (with appropriate tooling) Equipped with punch R 5 and die V 100 mm

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, PROFIL BENDING ATTACHMENT PB20 Rsdpfjnh R Ekjx Ad Rscd The ideal supplement for pipe bending on models 3000 and 6000 is the PB20 profile bending attachment. The device can be mounted quickly and easily onto the bending shaft without the need for tools. The workpiece is clamped onto the rotary table using the clamping device and pulled around the bending tool. With this system, the length of the legs to be bent can be precisely measured in conjunction with a length stop, ensuring repeatable accuracy during bending. TECHNICAL DATA: • Bending capacity (Steel 37): 100 x 10 mm, Ø 20 mm • Numerous standard tools available • Special tools possible • Sharp-edge tools with bending radii R2 or 5 mm • Round tools R 10 to 25 mm for bends up to max. 260° (optional) OUR SERVICE: • Welcome to test production in our in-house demo room • On-site consultation and informational meeting at your location • Consultation and processing of leasing/financing purchase via JUTEC • Trade-in of your current machine • Service contracts, on-site maintenance at your facility

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 1018, THE POWERFUL BENDING MACHINE FOR EXTREME APPLICATIONS: The compact bending machine enables precise and repeatable bending up to an external diameter of 100 mm, both in stationary operation and directly at the installation site. Transport can be carried out using a pallet truck or with the optionally available rollers. A robust three-phase motor and precision gearbox ensure powerful drive performance. The machine stands out due to its compact and slim design as well as the exceptionally open bending area. Direct position detection on the bending axis guarantees optimal bending accuracy. Bending angle adjustment is quick and simple via a user-friendly, menu-driven interface available in 14 languages with touchscreen control, ensuring even more intuitive operation. Up to 100 bending programs can be stored for complex bending tasks, each supporting a sequence of up to 8 bends per geometry. The multifunctional control system allows variable adjustment of bending speed for forward and reverse motion, with a parameterizable overbending function to compensate for material springback. Rcsdpfxendk N Ae Ad Red Using the four material characteristic curves, the machine automatically overbends the material to the required angle, thus ensuring highly precise results. The “stationary tube and rotating tool” principle minimizes the machine’s footprint. For thin-walled tubes, sliding shoes are used to ensure wrinkle-free bends and to make bends with minimal deformation, for example, in stainless steel and copper tubing. With the PB20 profile bending attachment, flat, square, and round iron profiles can be bent with ease. The KBV small radius bending device attachment allows extremely tight bending radii. POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS: • Plant engineering • Hydraulic piping • Serpentine bending • Prototyping • Plumbing and heating installations • Shipbuilding TECHNICAL DATA 10000: Bending capacity: up to 100 x 5 mm, 55 mm solid material Three-phase current 400 V • Bending radius up to 500 mm • Multifunctional machine control, bending angle setting (0.1°) • Maximum bending angle 240° • Safety foot switch with emergency stop • Weight 600 kg OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES: • Adapter system for tools from the 3000/6000 model series with bending radii from 45 mm, incl. 40 mm hex shaft • PB20 profile bending attachment – for bending flat and square steel up to max. 100 x 10 mm, round steel up to max. 20 mm • KBV small bending device • Special tools according to specifications • Software adaptations for special applications OUR SERVICE: • You are welcome to visit our demo room for test production • Consultation and information meeting at your site • Consulting and handling of lease/financing purchase via JUTEC • Trade-in of your current machine • Service contracts, on-site maintenance

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, THE PRACTICAL HAND BENDING DEVICE: The compact, mobile design enables precise and repeatable bending in a bench vise. Operation is carried out via a screw-in handle. A lockable setting ring ensures repeatable bending accuracy. Tool exchange is exceptionally simple due to the plug-in system. The principle of “stationary pipe and rotating tool” allows bending in the smallest possible space. For thin-walled pipes, sliding shoes are used for crease-free bending, enabling the production of bends with minimal deformation, e.g. for stainless steel and copper pipes. The optional model with hexagonal drive facilitates not only use in a vise, but also allows the bending device to be powered by the 3000 and 6000 systems. For this, the KBV is simply mounted onto the machine’s bending shaft. POSSIBLE APPLICATION AREAS: • Hydraulic pipework • Prototype construction • Plumbing and heating installation TECHNICAL DATA: • Bending capacity Ø 6 to 18 mm • Manual bending angle limitation • Maximum bending angle of 180º OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES: • KBV with hex drive for bending on model 3000 or 6000 • Machine case • Length stop Rjdpfong Amksx Ad Rscd OUR ON-SITE SERVICE FOR YOU: • Welcome to test production in our demo room • Consultation and information meeting at your premises • Consulting and processing of leasing/financing purchases via JUTEC • Trade-in of your current machine • Service contracts, maintenance on-site at your location

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, THE PRECISE 3-ROLL BENDING MACHINE The development of the compact and mobile horizontal bending machine focused specifically on producing dimensionally accurate spirals, such as handrails for spiral staircases. This represents the gold standard in bending, as two mutually dependent variables (radius and pitch) must combine in a single process to form a precise geometry. The interaction between pipe calculation on a PC, implementation on the bending machine, and control via measuring devices with subsequent correction of bending values ensures perfectly accurate results. With minimal and simple input into the PC pipe calculation program, the local printer provides a printout supporting the calculation of all necessary bending and correction data for operating the machine. A new powerful drive concept allows variable adjustment of the bending speed and requires only a standard 230 V (single-phase AC connection). Choose between hardened steel tools and surface-friendly hard plastic tools. For optimum feed even with tight bending radii, all three bending shafts are powered. This drive system also proves itself in everyday heavy-duty use for flat work and for bending pipes and profiles. Customers of the bending systems 4800, 5000, and 6000 can purchase the roll bending unit separately without the drive. The roll bending unit, designated RB43, can be adapted to the 4800, 5000, and 6000 bending systems via the bending shaft. Here, the machines serve as the drive unit. Rcodpfx Adong A R Se Rod POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS: • Handrails/lower rails for spiral staircases • Large-radius pipe and profile bends • General metal fabrication TECHNICAL DATA: • Bending capacity: Ø 10 to 60 mm • Minimum bending radius: 300 mm with Ø 42.4 mm • Right and left bending direction • Digital bending adjustment for radius and pitch • Safety foot switch with emergency stop function • Maintenance-free, robust three-phase motor • 230 V site-compatible connection • Weight: 280 kg OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES: • Support roller for stabilization • Lift roller for producing controlled pitch • MGR – Measuring device for determining the correct radius • MGV – Measuring device for determining the correct pitch via twist measurement • MPW – PC calculation program for determining accurate bending values • RB4303 – Universal bending tool for profiles up to 60 mm height • Tools for custom profiles OUR ON-SITE SERVICE FOR YOU: • Test production demo available in our in-house showroom • Consultation and information session at your location • Leasing/financing options, advice and processing • Service contracts, on-site maintenance

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, nomor mesin/kendaraan: 1018, THE POWERFUL BENDING MACHINE FOR WORKSHOP AND ON-SITE ASSEMBLY The compact and mobile bending machine enables precise and repeatable bending up to an outer diameter of 60 mm—either stationary or directly at the assembly site. A robust three-phase motor and precision gearbox ensure powerful drive performance. Position detection directly on the bending axis provides optimal bending accuracy. Setting the bending angle is quick and easy via a user-friendly, menu-driven touchscreen interface, ensuring even more intuitive operation. For more complex bending operations, up to 100 bending programs can be stored, each with a sequence of up to 8 bends per geometry. The multifunction controller allows variable adjustment of the bending speed for forward and return movement, and features a programmable overbend function to compensate for material springback. Utilizing four material characteristic curves, the system automatically overbends the material to the required bending angle, delivering highly accurate bending results. The “stationary tube, rotating tool” principle minimizes space requirements during bending. For thin-walled tubes, sliding shoes are used to achieve wrinkle-free bends and to produce bends with minimal deformation in materials such as stainless steel and copper. With the PB20 profile bending attachment, flat, square, and round bars can be easily bent. The KBV small-radius bending device allows for extremely tight bend radii. POSSIBLE APPLICATIONS: • Plant engineering • Hydraulic piping • Meander bending • Prototype construction • Plumbing and heating installation TECHNICAL DATA: Bending capacity 6000SB: Ø 6 to 50 x 4 mm, single-phase 230 V Bending capacity 6000D: Ø 6 to 60 x 4 mm Bending capacity 6000DS: Ø 6 to 60 x 5 mm, three-phase 400 V Bending capacity 6000D: Ø 6 to 60 x 4 mm, three-phase 400 V • Min./max. bending radius: 36 mm/280 mm • Optional large bending radii up to 500 mm • Multifunctional machine control with 0.1° angle adjustment • Maximum bending angle 240° • 40 mm hexagonal shaft for quick tool change • Safety foot switch with emergency stop • Weight 110 kg OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES: • Profile bender PB20 – for bending flat and square bars up to max. 100 x 10 mm, round bars up to max. 20 mm • Roller bender RB43 – mounts on the hex shaft of the bending axis. By switching to continuous bending mode, the bending system acts as a drive unit. • Small-radius bending device KBV • Special tools available on request OUR ON-SITE SERVICE FOR YOU: • Welcome to test production in our in-house demo room Rjdpfx Asng Ax Ssd Rjcd • Consultation and information session at your premises • Advice and processing of leasing/financed purchases • Trade-in of your current machine • Service contracts and on-site maintenance