Beli Zeno Mesin Penghancur bekas (77.001)

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Single-Shaft Shredder HOKUTech Special Model H600 Compact, Robust, High Throughput The H600 high-performance shredder, with its flexible range of applications, can process all types of wood materials (hardwood, softwood, chipboard, MDF materials, plywood, veneer scraps, etc.) into fuel chips, achieving significant material volume reduction, especially with bulky items. The hydraulically controlled pusher automatically and load-dependently feeds the wood waste to be shredded into the rotor’s cutting area. The high-performance solid-steel E-rotor has a diameter of 252 mm and operates at a rotor speed of 85-95 rpm. The concave-ground, aggressive, and four-way reversible knives / indexable cutters are mounted in milled knife pockets on special knife carriers. This highly efficient system ensures, through the minimized cutting gap between the counter-blade and rotor, high throughput, low energy consumption, and optimal discharge of the shredded material. Chip size (10–60 mm). Technical Data: Bsdpfeutmw Hjx Am Eswp • Hopper opening 600 x 800 mm • Hopper volume 0.6 m³ • Rotor working width 600 mm • Rotor diameter 252 mm • Drive power 15 kW • Rotor speed 90 rpm Location: Arriving in stock, 54634 Bitburg - available upon agreement -

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), NOMOR KATALOG 7032 DATA TEKNIS - Inlet corong pengisian: 1050x610 mm - Outlet untuk kayu cincang: Ø 160 mm - Lebar kerja rotor: 580 mm - Motor utama: 18,5 kW - Motor pompa: 0,75 kW - Jumlah pisau: 14 buah - Ukuran pisau: 30x30 mm - Saringan: 15 mm x 20 mm - Laci penekan - Autorevers elektrik - Dimensi (P/L/T): 2000x1130x1530 mm - Berat: 970 kg KEUNGGULAN – Produksi Jerman – Autorevers – Laci penekan Bwedpfx Amey Uxlzo Esp – Kondisi sangat baik – Mesin pencacah bekas Harga netto: 47.900 PLN Harga netto: 11.400 EUR Harga netto dihitung berdasarkan kurs 4,2 PLN/EUR (Dengan fluktuasi kurs yang besar, harga dapat berubah)

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), NOMOR KATALOG 7610 Data teknis: - lebar saluran masuk: 410 mm Bodpfoy Uxitjx Am Ejwp - tinggi saluran masuk: 140 mm - lebar poros: 430 mm - diameter poros: 400 mm - jumlah pisau: 2 buah - ukuran saringan: 80x130 mm - poros penarik atas, bergigi - 2 poros penarik bawah, bergigi - panjang sabuk pengumpan: 2850 mm - lebar sabuk pengumpan: 390 mm - autorevers - motor utama: 30 kW - motor pengumpan: 2×2,2 kW - dimensi mesin (p/l/t): 4800x1550x1200 mm - berat sekitar: 2200 kg KEUNGGULAN – produksi Polandia – fitur autorevers – dengan konveyor sabuk – dokumentasi DTR – chipper bekas, kondisi sangat baik Harga netto: 75.900 PLN Harga netto: 18.070 EUR Harga netto dihitung pada kurs 4,2 PLN/EUR (dengan fluktuasi kurs yang tinggi, harga dapat berubah)

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), NOMOR KATALOG 7240 DATA TEKNIS - lebar inlet: 400 mm - tinggi inlet: 210 mm - lebar poros: 530 mm - diameter poros: 500 mm - panjang pisau: 530 mm - jumlah pisau: 2 pcs - ukuran saringan: 55x50 mm - 2 poros penarik bergerigi di bawah - motor poros bawah sekitar 3 kW - poros penarik bergerigi atas - motor poros atas 1,5 kW - panjang sabuk pengumpan: 4600 mm - lebar sabuk pengumpan: 400 mm - motor utama: 55 kW - autoreverse - dimensi pengumpan (p/l/t): 4630x620x760 mm - dimensi mesin (p/l/t): 2510x1700x1200 mm - berat sekitar 3500 kg – buatan Jerman - autoreverse (dapat diatur) – chipper bekas, kondisi sangat baik Harga netto: 85.900 PLN Harga netto: 20.450 EUR berdasarkan kurs 4,2 EUR (Harga dapat berubah mengikuti fluktuasi nilai tukar yang lebih tinggi) Bwedpfx Amoy Uxhve Esp

Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), NOMOR KATALOG 7176 SPESIFIKASI TEKNIS - Lubang inlet hopper: 1050x600 mm - Outlet untuk kayu cincang: fi 160 mm - Lebar kerja rotor: 590 mm - Motor utama: 18,5 kW - Motor pompa: 0,75 kW - Jumlah pisau: 14 pcs - Ukuran pisau: 30x30 mm - Saringan: 10x12 mm - Laci penekan bahan - Autoreverse elektrik - Dimensi (P/L/T): 1900x1200x1530 mm - Berat: 990 kg KEUNGGULAN – autoreverse – produksi Jerman – belum dicat ulang – serupa dengan WEIMA WL4 – laci penekan – kondisi sangat baik – mesin pencacah bekas Harga netto: 48.900 PLN Harga netto: 11.640 EUR Harga netto berdasarkan kurs 4,2 PLN/EUR Bodpfxey Uw N So Am Eewp (dengan fluktuasi kurs yang besar, harga dapat berubah)

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1993, Rotor width 800 mm 22 kW motor Bjdpfx Amsp H Sv De Eowp 20 knives on rotor, 25 mm concave Includes a wooden frame to elevate the chipper, allowing space for a conveyor belt underneath

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2026, S&F Drum Chipper Type ATH 220x530/3 Demonstration Machine / Trade Fair Machine / New Machine Robust construction for long service life Feed height: 200 mm Feed width: 500 mm Number of chipper blades: 2 units Number of counter blades: 1 unit Rotor diameter: 520 mm (solid steel rotor) Number of feed rollers: 3 units Throughput capacity: up to approx. 20 cubic meters per hour* Chip length: approx. 30 mm Chipper drive power: 45 kW or as agreed Feed roller drive power: 2 x 2.2 kW Operating / control voltage: 400/220 V, 50 Hz Weight: 2,600 kg *Depending on chip length, main motor kW rating, blade count, and feed method S&F chippers and drum chippers with horizontal feed are used in various sectors of the wood processing industry (sawmills, timber plants). Chippers of the “ATH” series produce high-quality, homogeneous wood chips from wood residues with minimal fines, e.g., as premium chips for the cellulose industry or as fuel chips for energy generation. Advantages: - Maximum throughput - Low fines content - Low maintenance - Versatile application - Custom manufacturing available Need more information? Bjdpfx Aow I R Rnsm Eowp Contact us! We are happy to advise you. Drum chipper | Wood chipper | Chipper | Chipping machine | Wood chipping machine | Shredder | Wood crusher

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Drum Chipper Series ATH-220/530/3 | ATH-220/730/3 | ATH-220/1060/3 S&F chipping machines and drum chippers with horizontal feed are used in various sectors of the wood processing industry (sawmills, timber works). Chippers of the "ATH" series produce high-quality and homogeneous wood chips with minimal fines content from wood residues, for example as premium wood chips for the pulp industry or as fuel chips for energy production. Series ATH-220/530/3 | ATH-220/730/3 | ATH-220/1060/3 - Infeed height: 200 mm - Infeed width: 500 | 700 | 1000 mm - Number of chipper knives: 2 – 4 pcs - Number of counter knives: 2 pcs Bwodpfxewbv Erj Am Esp - Rotor diameter: 520 mm - Number of infeed rollers: 3 pcs - Throughput capacity: up to approx. 40 solid m³/h * - Chip length: 5 – 50 mm - Chipper drive power: 22 – 110 kW - Feed roller drive power: 2 x 2.2 kW - Operating / control voltage: 400/220 V, 50 Hz - Weight: 2,800 – 4,000 kg *Depending on chip length, main motor kW, number of knives, feed method Advantages: - Maximum throughput - Low fines content - Low maintenance - Versatile use - Custom manufacturing Do you need further information? Contact us! We will be happy to advise you. Drum chipper | Wood chipper | Chipper | Chipping machine | Wood chipping machine | Shredder | Wood shredder

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2026, drum chipper ATH 300 series S&F chipping machines and drum chippers with horizontal feed are used in numerous sectors of the wood processing industry (sawmills, woodworks). Chippers from the "ATH" series produce high-quality, homogeneous wood chips from residual wood with a low proportion of fines, for example as quality wood chips for the pulp industry or as fuel chips for energy generation. ATH 300 Series Bsdpfeuz Hmxjx Am Eewp - Infeed height: 300 mm - Infeed width: 500 | 700 | 1000 mm - Number of chipping knives: 2 - 6 pcs. - Number of counter-knives: 2 pcs. - Rotor diameter: 700 mm - Number of infeed rollers: 3 pcs. - Throughput capacity: up to approx. 70 stacked cubic meters/hour * - Chip length: 5 - 80 mm - Chipper drive power: 37 - 250 kW - Infeed roller drive power: 2 x 3.0 kW - Operating/control voltage: 400/220 V, 50 Hz - Weight: 3,500 - 5,000 kg *depending on chip length, kW main motor, number of knives, and feed system Advantages: - Maximum throughput - Low proportion of fines - Low maintenance - Flexible application - Custom manufacturing Need more information? Contact us! We are happy to advise you. Drum chipper | Wood chipper | Chipper | Chipping machine | Wood chipping machine | Shredder | Wood size reducer

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 1991, panjang total: 1.520 mm, lebar total: 720 mm, daya: 30 kW (40,79 hp), Telah sepenuhnya direkondisi, dilumasi, dan siap beroperasi. Shredder hidrolik otomatis dengan dua poros ini dirancang untuk menghancurkan dan memisahkan serpihan logam, plastik, kayu, kabel listrik, dan berbagai material lainnya. Dikendalikan oleh PLC yang memantau sensor-sensor, mengelola rotasi poros, serta secara otomatis mengaktifkan fungsi mundur; jika terjadi beberapa penyumbatan dalam waktu singkat, mesin akan mati otomatis. Selain itu, unit akan otomatis mati setelah periode tertentu saat beroperasi tanpa beban. Sorotan Teknis: Daya: 30 kW Bwjdpfx Amjwk Egwe Ejp Tekanan hidrolik maksimum: 250 bar Torsi: 11.780 Nm 2 poros penghancur dengan pisau Penggerak hidrolik dengan transmisi roda gigi (Valmet BB 3150CC) Penyesuaian tekanan pisau otomatis (sistem pegas cakram)

Kondisi: bekas, Technical details: Drive motor: 4 kW Speed: 14 rpm Voltage: 380 V / Hz Weight: approx. 0.5 t Chip crusher - Shredder 2-shaft crusher Current feed opening: 400 x 360 mm Crushing tools: 8 pieces per shaft Current discharge size: L: 350 x W: 250 mm Bsdpfxju Nxrpe Am Eewp Gear motor manufacturer: Vector Accessories: 2 crusher discs

Tahun pembuatan: 2012, Kondisi: bekas, en-001 Bodju Nw Ebepfx Am Eowp

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, nomor mesin/kendaraan: WKZ45-1030, CLEARANCE SALE, STOCK MACHINE! We kindly invite you to visit our technical center to personally experience the quality and functionality of our equipment. Material Shredder 45 kW Hopper opening: 1,030 x 1,235 mm Rotor diameter: 360 mm Star-delta start, automatic shutdown in idle mode - Hydraulic pusher equipped with pressure plates - Siemens PLC control system - Optional: control cabinet extension for discharge conveyor belt + overband magnet separator Complete solution with discharge conveyor in any desired configuration. Our core competence is providing our customers with exactly what they need. Bwsdpfjv Tdq Iex Am Eep We work together with our customers to develop tailored, application-specific solutions and supply systems produced in-house. Feel free to contact us by phone to find the right solution for your requirements. Conveyor belt, conveyor system, discharge conveyors, belt conveyor, magnetic separator, overband magnetic separator, recycling, wood chips, plastics, metal-free metal detection, neodymium, overband magnet, magnetic belt separator, lifting magnets, filter rods, magnetic grids, magnetic grate, metal separator, block magnet, filter systems All prices are net prices plus 19% VAT. All information provided without guarantee, while stocks last!

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, de-hu-1 Bedpfx Asd Dy Ugjm Eswp

Tahun pembuatan: 2019, Kondisi: sangat baik (bekas), Seri Compact Granulator baru dari Wanner seri C’s ("C" berarti "compact", "s" berarti "silent" atau dioptimalkan untuk kebisingan rendah) menawarkan solusi yang praktis untuk hampir semua masalah daur ulang in-line runner dan produk cacat dalam proses produksi. Dengan desain modular, granulator seri C’s dapat dengan mudah disesuaikan untuk aplikasi dan kebutuhan operasional yang berbeda di pabrik. Bergantung pada jenis pemasukan runner, pembuangan hasil granulasi, atau mesin injection molding yang digunakan, seri C’s dari Wanner menyediakan berbagai komponen standar yang mendukung solusi optimal yang dapat diadaptasi ke alur kerja Anda. Geometri pemotongan yang dioptimalkan serta kecepatan rotor yang rendah memastikan hasil granulasi berkualitas tinggi dengan kadar debu minimal. Saluran input yang diberi peredam suara dan desain ruang pemotongan yang dioptimalkan terhadap kebisingan struktur dan resonansi internal membantu menekan tingkat kebisingan. Gearbox berukuran besar memastikan umur panjang granulator sekaligus memungkinkan dimensi alat yang sangat kompak. Ruang pemotongan dapat dibuka dengan mudah hanya dengan beberapa langkah, menghemat waktu dan biaya, misalnya saat pembersihan untuk pergantian warna atau material. Keunggulan seri C’s: - Mudah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan berkat sistem modular - Desain kompak membutuhkan ruang lantai minimum di samping mesin injection molding - Konstruksi kokoh, housing besi cor/baja di atas roda berputar - Unit motor/gearbox yang tangguh untuk masa pakai yang lama - Kebisingan jauh berkurang berkat rotor pemotongan miring dan desain ruang pemotongan yang dioptimalkan terhadap getaran - Pengoperasian mudah dan pembersihan sederhana menghemat waktu dan biaya - Penarikan runner besar dan bagian granulasi lebih baik berkat geometri rotor yang optimal - Ruang pemotongan dengan pelapis keras untuk meminimalkan keausan saat memproses material berisi serat kaca (GF) - Hasil granulasi yang berkualitas tinggi dan rendah debu berkat geometri pemotongan yang dioptimalkan. Cakram pengikut di dinding samping mengurangi gesekan sehingga meminimalkan pemanasan dan kerusakan hasil granulasi. - Mata pisau mudah diasah ulang tanpa alat khusus - Saluran input yang diberi peredam suara dan aman terhadap intervensi Data Teknis: Produsen: Wanner Tipe: C17.26sv Bjdpfx Amszc Nyde Ejwp Bukaan ruang pemotongan: 170 x 260 mm² Diameter rotor: 170 mm Pisau rotor: 12 Pisau stator: 2 Kapasitas: 20–25 kg/jam Ukuran lubang saringan: 3–8 mm Tegangan: 400 Volt/50 Hz Kapasitas penampung: Sekitar 6 L Cocok untuk material GF sebagai standar Kontrol: Kontrol kontaktor dengan pelindung arus lebih Rangkaian elektrik redundant dengan relai pengaman self-monitoring sesuai EN 12012 Kabel daya 5 m Berat: 155 kg Tahun pembuatan: 04/2019 Video produk "Semua dari satu sumber: Kami juga dengan senang hati menawarkan pembiayaan bank yang sesuai untuk proyek Anda." komplett-konzept.leasingo.de Produk lain – baru dan bekas – tersedia di toko kami! Ongkos kirim internasional sesuai permintaan!

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Fungsionalitas: berfungsi sepenuhnya, daya: 22 kW (29,91 hp), berat keseluruhan: 2.600 kg, Tahun pembuatan: 2006, Cutting unit width: 600 mm Bwedetzbvyspfx Am Eep Cutting unit length: 1,200 mm Center distance between cutter shafts: 250 mm Cutter shaft speed: approx. 16 rpm Cutter shaft torque: approx. 17,000 Nm Feed hopper: 1,200 mm x 2,400 mm Drive power: 2 x 11 kW Total drive power: 22 kW Weight: 2,600 kg

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Tahun pembuatan: 1991, daya: 22 kW (29,91 hp), Suitable for pallets or other residual materials Rotor width = working width 98 cm 22 kW motor with discharge auger Bwedpet Tvk Aefx Am Ejp

Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Kondisi: baru, We also offer leasing and financing options. Feel free to contact us! For all types of recycling, we have shredders and other recycling machinery in stock in Heilbronn. From copper recycling to plastic recycling, you can purchase all necessary machines from us. Don't hesitate to ask. ‼️IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE ‼️ IN STOCK‼️ Shredder for pre-shredding cables, plastics, etc. – UNIVERSAL SHREDDER. ➡️ Motor: 11 kW ➡️ Shaft length: 40 cm ➡️ Voltage: 380V, 60 Hz, 3-phase Bedpfxep E Eiyj Am Eswp ➡️ Dimensions (LxWxH): 1350 x 700 x 1600 mm ➡️ Weight: approx. 800 kg Net price: €13,999.00 +19% VAT: €2,659.81 Gross price: €16,658.81 All information subject to change. Images may differ from the original.

Tahun pembuatan: 2026, Kondisi: baru, ‼️Net 42.000 €‼️ Kami juga menawarkan leasing dan pembiayaan. Silakan hubungi kami. Untuk semua jenis daur ulang, kami memiliki shredder dan mesin daur ulang lainnya yang tersedia di Heilbronn! Dari daur ulang tembaga hingga plastik, Anda bisa mendapatkan semua jenis mesin dari kami. Silakan tanyakan. Anda juga dapat menonton video di situs web kami. Shredder dua poros Lebar poros 80 cm 2 motor @ 18,5 kW Shredder sangat kuat untuk ban, baja, kayu, kabel, plastik, dll – shredder serbaguna. Kuat dan tahan lama – Diuji kualitas oleh Josan. Harga netto: 42.000,00 € +19% PPN: 7.980,00 € Harga bruto: 49.980,00 € Kesalahan dapat terjadi. Gambar/harga dapat berbeda. Bwjdpfx Aop E Egpsm Esp

Kondisi: bekas, Tahun pembuatan: 2008, 39966 Bjdpey D T Ivefx Am Eswp

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2024, en-GB Bwedpfxsr Nf Rlj Am Eep

Kondisi: baik (bekas), Crusher kayu untuk dijual Disiapkan untuk pengeluaran dengan sabuk konveyor Ideal untuk mencacah sisa kayu (semua jenis kayu lunak) dan palet Termasuk dorong hidrolik Motor: 7,5 kW Bsdexbyx Tjpfx Am Eowp Lebar rotor: sekitar 82 cm Berat: 1.460 kilogram Arus beban penuh: 32 amp Sekering utama: 35 amp

Kondisi: baru, Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Ideal for shredding straw, polystyrene foam (EPS), leaves, hay, and bread. Throughput is highly dependent on the screen and input material: - up to a maximum of 350 kg/h for straw with a 15 mm screen - up to 60 kg/h for EPS with a 15 mm screen Motor: 11 kW, 400 Volt (alternatively 9.2 kW or 15 kW available upon request) Optional: *Surcharge for next largest machine with 18.5 kW and larger silo diameter: + €2,750 net Robust steel construction Hardened cutting blades Screen with interchangeable inserts Available perforations: 10, 15, 22, 26, 30, 40, or 60 mm When equipped with electric drive: star-delta switch, overload protection, and 8 m ready-to-plug power cable Blow-out nozzle, 150 mm diameter Suitable for plastic or grain pipes Blowing distance approx. 12 m Chassis with 2 running wheels Ø 380 mm and a swiveling support wheel Ø 125 mm All wheels with solid rubber tires Dimensions approx. 1200 x 900 x 1270/1400 mm (LxWxH) Weight approx. 240 kg Spare part prices and options: 24 hardened blades, €9.90 each net 6 bolts, €14.90 each net 1 screen, €475 net Lid, €290 each net Polystyrene disk, €600 each net Bjdpfx Aszbizjm Ejwp

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2024, Pre-shredder Base machine starting from €29,950 net *Options available at additional cost Ideal for pre-shredding bulky materials such as pallets, planks, beams, fruit crates, styrofoam, plastics, and more. For wood chip production, the pre-shredder can also be installed directly above a single-shaft shredder. Machine in pre-production *special options available at extra cost Your benefits: + Volume reduction of up to 70% + Significantly lower transport costs + Reduced disposal costs + Production of fuel material + Also ideal for pre-shredding in front of a single-shaft shredder to produce wood chips Weight: 1,200 kg Dimensions: 2050x850x1600 mm Bedpfxsfd Icij Am Eswp Cutting chamber opening: 1300x700 mm *also available optionally as 1600x700 mm (motor then 11 kW) (Surcharge: +€4,995 net) Throughput: up to 50 pallets/pieces per hour (highly material-dependent) Motor: 7.5 kW Options: Industrial discharge hopper (3 sides closed) +€4,950 net Extra emergency stop button +€495 net 200 mm height increase +€497 net Feed material requirements: - Moisture content less than 30% ATRO - The machine must be installed in accordance with CE directives and must be secured by the operator to prevent access from below (to the cutting unit) - Pallets up to a size of 1200x800 mm can be processed Longer pieces can also be fed upright

Kondisi: seperti baru (mesin pameran), Tahun pembuatan: 2025, Special offer for our demonstration machine Another unit available immediately (ex works Neckartailfingen) approx. 8 operating hours. Suitable for shredding all types of residual wood and also pallet sections. Pallets must be prepared with a jigsaw or chainsaw so that they fit upright into the hopper – see photo 2. Ideally, they should measure approx. 40x20x20 cm, so that the wood can lie flat on the pusher floor. This is when the machine operates most efficiently. A hydraulically operated pusher moves along the base of the shredder and presses the material against the rotor based on load. The material is shredded until it passes through the screen basket. Throughput capacity: up to 200 kg per hour (*depending on the screen and preparation of the material). *Conveyor belt and overband magnet available at an extra charge. + powerful 18.5 kW motor + concave knives + large high-performance gearbox + special load-dependent pusher control Customs tariff number: 84659600 Motor: 18.5 kW; 400 V – 50 Hz – 3 ph. Knives: 15 pieces, rotatable multiple times Optional double knife row: + €995 net Bodpfx Asdwktkjm Eowp Rotor diameter: 260 mm Control system: Siemens S7-1200 PLC Cutting chamber opening: 630 x 820 mm Filling volume: approx. 0.6 m³ Hydraulically operated pusher Screen perforation selectable (10–30 mm) Extraction port: Ø 160 mm Weight: approx. 1,300 kg (depending on equipment) Dimensions (LxWxH): approx. 1,737 x 1,167 x 1,650 mm Moisture content: < 30% atro Standard features: - V-rotor for maximum throughput - Control cabinet with Siemens PLC - Automatic star/delta start - Rapid hydraulics - Auto stop when rotor idles - Rotor speed 70–90 rpm for high throughput - Cycling control to avoid idle times - Performance-boosting step control for hydraulic pusher - Pertinax guides for hydraulic pusher - Vibration-damping machine feet - CE compliant - MADE IN GERMANY Shredder options: - Shredder height increase by 30 cm (conveyor belt preparation): + €2,080 net - Folding conveyor belt: + €8,770 net Horizontal section: 1,200 mm Inclined section: 2,500 mm Angle: adjustable 0–60° Discharge height: approx. 2,000 mm +/- 100 mm - Overband magnet: + €5,980 net - Control system for conveyor & overband magnet: + €2,750 net (Start and stop synchronized with chipper) - Hopper extension: + €940 net - Eco rings: + €1,980 net (recommended for >15% hardwood) - Special scraper: + €990 net (recommended for veneer or paper) - Double knife row: + €995 net Raw material requirements: - Moisture content (atro) must be below 30% - Metals and mineral contaminants such as sand, stones, etc., cause increased wear.